1 . Переведите предложение. Выберите форму местоимения.
1. Students write (their, them) term-papers twice a year. 2. She works at (her, hers) graduation paper every day. 3. Speak to (him, his) about (me, my) term-paper. (Me, I) want to know what (he, him) thinks about (it, its). 4. A friend of (my, mine) is reading for (him, his) exam. 5. (We, our) have passed (our, ours) exams. Let (we, us) go to the cinema. 6. (Your, yours) faculty is more difficult than (our, ours).
2. Поставьте личное местоимение, данное в скобках, в объектный падеж.
1. He is my friend. I know (he) well. 2. This engineer works with (I). 3. Her sister knows English and often helps (she). 4. There are many new words in the text. Learn (they) at home. 5. I often see (you) in the library. 6. This book is very useful. You must read (it). 7. On Sunday we shall go to the theatre. My brother will go with (we) too. 8. I work with my friends. I see (they) every day.
3. Заполните пропуски соответствующими притяжательными местоимениями.
1. I shall go to see ... parents in summer. 2. He will have ... vacation in February. 3. She has ... dinner at 3 o'clock. 4. This institute is very old. ... history is very interesting. 5. We like ... institute. 6. You will take ... exams in January. 7. They have ... practical training at the largest plants of the country. 8. In the morning my sisters take ... books and go to the Institute.
4. Заполните пропуски местоимениями в соответствующей форме по аналогии с первым предложением.
1) (I) My things belong to me. They are mine, I use them myself.
2) (he) … notes belong to … . They are … , … made them… .
3) (she) … pencils belong to… . They are … , … buys them … .
4) (we) … books belong to … . They are … , … buy them … .
5) (you) … future belongs to … . It is … , … plan it … .
6) (they) … projects belong to … . They are … ,… worked at them ….
5. Заполните пропуски соответствующими возвратно-усилительными местоимениями.
1. The student cannot solve this equation ... , we must show him how to do it. 2. An automatic machine-tool can do this work ... . 3. The tools ... are much smaller than the mechanism that direct them. 4. Must we take the measurements ... ? 5. I am able to complete this work … . 6. You may use this instrument for measuring gas pressure ... . 7. He can do this work ... . 8. The Moon ... doesn't light the Earth. 9. There are a number of automatic machine-tools that can measure and inspect their production ... . 10. They could easily define the properties of this material ... 11. You must not lift this heavy metal part ...
6. Переведите на английский язык; помните, что местоимения в объектном падеже не совпадают с притяжательными местоимениями в форме.
1. Их книги на столе; возьмите их. 2. Мы знаем ее: ее фамилия Иванова. 3. Его отец живет в нашем доме; я вижу его каждое утро. 4. Прочтите эту книгу; ее заглавие “ Ee жизнь”, я дам вам ее завтра. 5. Я знаю ее автора, его книги очень интересные. 6. Его друзья любят его. 7. Их институт недалеко от моего дома. Я часто вижу их на улице. 8. Они рассказали нам о нашем институте и его истории. 9. Они провели этот опыт сами. 10. Я перевела эту статью сама. 11. Это мой словарь, а тот ваш.
7. Укажите: а) в каких предложениях местоимения “ it ” не переводится, являясь подлежащим безличного предложения; б) где оно переводится местоимениями “он, она, оно” ( заменяет упомянутое существительное), “это”.
1. I don't like your room; it is dark. 2. It is dark in this room. 3. Don't drink the milk; it is cold. 4. It is interesting to read this book; it contains short fantastic stories. 5. It is difficult to learn the English language; it is quite different from Russian. 6. The teacher put another question, it wasn't easy. 7. It wasn't easy to answer the teacher's question. 8. We shall buy a map of this region, it will be necessary for every member of the expedition. 9. It will be necessary to have a map. 10. The traveler visited the native town; it was quite different now. 11. It was impossible to find the place of his house. 12. I want to have practice in English, it will be important for my work. 13. It will be important to practice in the laboratory. 14. It is easy to discuss this question. It is very simple. 15. It was important to solve this problem. It occupied all his thoughts for hours. 16. It is necessary to boil water for our experiment. Then it will be pure. 17. It was not easy to define the properties of this solid. It took much time. 18. It was said that the lecture on physics was very interesting today. 19. It took him some months to solve this problem. 20. It's farther to the Sun than to the Moon.
8. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на выделенную группу слов.
1. Shut the window, it is cold outside. 2. Take off your cap, it is warm here. 3. Stop reading, it is dark. 4. Come to the window, it is dark here. 5. Go to bed, it is late.
6. Water the flowers, it is dry in the garden. 7. Stay some minutes longer, it is early. 8. Take a dictionary, its is difficult to translate this text. 9. Study languages, it is important to know them. 10. It is time to go to the station. 11. It is cold to sit near the window. 12. It is late to work at your lessons. 13. It is early to go to bed. 14. It is dark to read in the corridor. 15. It is interesting to see a new film. 16. It is pleasant to listen to good music.
9. Ответьте на вопросы .
1. Is it cold or warm? 2. Is it winter or summer? 3. Is it dark or light? 4. Is it early or late? 5. Was it pleasant to skate? 6. Was it difficult to answer the teacher's questions? 7. When do we put our coat on: when it is cold or when it is warm? 8. When do we see well: when it is dark or when it is light? 9. Was it important to read this book? 10. Will it be pleasant to go to the cinema?
10. Переведите, начиная каждое предложение со слова “ it ”.
1) Весна. Май. Тепло. B 7 часов cветло. Интересно учиться. Зимой обычно холодно. Идет снег. Oсенью идет дождь.
2) Было необходимо говорить по-английски. Была зима. Было холодно. Было интересно видеть новые города. Было важно вернуться домой через два часа. Было нетрудно найти дорогу. Было удивительно увидеть этот город снова.
3) Будет приятно получать ваше письмо. Будет лето. Будет жарко. Будет дождь. Будет приятно встретить старых друзей. Будет трудно найти его адрес. Будет возможно летать на другие планеты. Будет интересно читать эту книгу. Необходимо будет сделать эту работу завтра.
11. Переведите предложения, обращая внимании на усилительную конструкцию ” it is ( was ) . . . that ( who , whom , when )”.
Образец : It was Popov who invented the radio.- Именно Попов изобрел радио.
a) 1. It is with the help of the media that we receive most of the information. 2. It was in 1869 that Mendeleyev published his Periodic Table. 3. It was the scientist Lodygin who invented the electric lamp. 4. It was in April when the equipment was brought to the laboratory. 5. It was his brother who brought me the letter yesterday. 6. It was Yuri Gagarin who started the era of cosmic flights. 8. It is the gravitation that makes the satellites move around the Earth.
b) 1. It is the reading of the adapted English books that will help students enlarge their vocabulary. 2. It is at least ten English words that students have to learn every day. 3. It is my mother's friend I am to meet at the station today. 4. It was this text that we had to learn by heart for the lesson. 5. It was the development of radio engineering that they spoke about. 6. It was through this book that he learned about Newton's discovery. 7. It was in 1896 that Popov transmitted the first radiogram. 8. It was in Russia that the electric energy was first turned into the light. 9. It is the structure of the atom that the Solar system is often compared with. 10. It is Prof. Smirnov who in his lectures gives an interesting analysis of modern physical theories.
12. Переведите на русский язык; объясните употребление неопределенных местоимений.
1. Give me some book to read. 2. Have you any magazines? 3. Anyone can do it. 4. Let me know if anything happens. 5. Do you go anywhere in the morning? 6. Any of us can help you. 7. Give me some water, please. 8. Come to see us any Friday evening, we are always at home then. 9. Be ready to tell the content of any chapter of this book. 10. Do they take any books with them? 11. I must go to see him some days this week. 12. I can see some students here. 13. I cannot give that book to anybody at present. 14. He is translating some interesting part of that technical article. 15. Can you get me anything to read? 16. Our club is open: anybody can visit it. 17. He didn't tell you anything new. 18. Give me something to read. 19. Any student of our Institute may take books from our library. 20. Any young man or woman who has secondary education may enter a higher school. 21. You may enter any Institute you like. 22. He can work in any branch of chemistry.
13. Переведите предложения; выделите местоимения “ no ” и его производные.
a) 1. I saw nobody in the street. 2. He has no dictionary. 3. He said nothing. 4. I am waiting for nobody. 5. Nobody asked me about you. 6. There is nothing in my bag. 7. No student can answer such a question at once. 8. None of us was there. 9. No one must go out before the storm is over. 10. We can hear nothing over the radio because of the storm. 11. Nobody knows anything about that matter. 12. Nothing can stop us now.
b) 1. No ocean divides Europe from Asia. 2. No animals can speak. 3. We find no trees in the tundra. 4. The moon gives no warmth. 5. Water has no color. 6. We see no stars by day. 7. No man can live without food.
14. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на неопределенные местоимения.
1. Something important took place there. 2. Nobody failed in this examination yesterday. 3. I wasn't shown any interesting photographs. 4. Have you any questions? 5. Can anybody show me the way to the station? 6. He didn't try to do anything. 7. The commission has found nothing wrong. 8. They made no changes in the working plan. 9. Nothing interesting happened while I was away. 10. No traffic was allowed along the street because of the accident. 11. He could think of nothing really interesting. 12. Some new safety rules were considered by the committee. 13. I couldn't understand anything from his letter. 14. The old man didn't get any education.
15. Замените выделенные местоимения противоположными по значению.