6 Decide which part of speech the words belong to.
Superconductivity, superconductor, superconductive, superconducting; physics, physical, physicist, physically; resistivity, resistance, resistant, resistor; differ, difference, different, differentiate, differently, differential; apply, appliance, application, applied, applicable;
measure, measureless, measurement; powerless, power, powerful, powerfully.
7 Watch the first part of the video “Adventures at Nanoscale: Superconductivity” (5:08 min) and answer the questions. Use the prompts.
Useful notes
strand v ( usually passive) – застрять на дороге, сесть на мель
flashlight - фонарик
a bunch of people - группа людей
1 Why was a group of high school friends stranded on a country road?
car/ break/ down
2 What did they decide to do?
town/ near/ walk
3 Why couldn’t they call for help?
phone/ not work/ walk/ clear phone signal
4 What was the story about in the science blog?
/ superconductors/use/ less energy/regular conductors
5 What happened with Ellie and Eddie?
become /small/ turn /copper /atom/
6 Where did they find themselves?
inside / one/ atoms/ copper/ wire
7 What explanation was given to the term ’regular conductor in the video?
material/ allow/ electron/ freely/ move /around
8 Watch the second part of the video “Adventures at Nanoscale: Superconductivity “
What answers are given in the video to these questions?
1 How does being cold help?
electrons/ get together/ easy/ move around/in pairs
2 So what makes superconductors ‘super’?
move around/ easy/regular conductors/
3 Why is it important to get rid of vortices? (vortex, pl .vortices-вихрь)
easy/ move/ big vortices/ get rid/ move faster/
4 What are scientists trying to do in order to solve this problem?
build/ tiny cages/ trap/ tornadoes/ improve/ efficiency of electricity/
9 Match English words and phrases with Russian equivalents.
BCS theory, the Meissner effect, the division of superconductors into the two categories,
mercury, in subsequent decades, to expel magnetic fields, refrigerant, a thin layer of insulator, macroscopic properties of superconductors, finally, wire, discover, superfluid.
ртуть, охладитель, в последующие десятилетия, вытеснять магнитное поле, эффект Мейснера, макроскопические свойства сверхпроводников, разделение сверхпроводников на два рода, БКШ теория, тонкий слой диэлектрика, наконец, открывать (обнаруживать), провод, сверхтекучесть.
10 Read the text and answer the questions.
1 Who discovered superconductivity?
2 Who made further advances in the field of superconductivity?
3 What did the BCS theory explain?
4 Who developed the first superconducting wire?
Useful notes
Нeike Kamerlingh Onnes- голландский физик и химик Хейке Камерлинг Оннес
liquid helium-жидкий гелий
lead |lеd| -свинец
niobium nitride |naɪˈoʊbiəm|-нитрид ниобия
expel-вытеснять, выталкивать
Walter Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld- немецкие физики Вальтер Мейснер и Роберт Оксенфельд
F.and H. London- немецкие физики-теоретики Фриц и Хайнц Лондоны
John Bardeen, Leon Cooper and John Schrieffer- американские физики Джон Бардин, Леон Купер, Джон Роберт Шриффер.
BCS theory- БКШ теория
phonon- фонон (квант колебательной энергии кристаллической решётки)
niobium-titanium alloy |naɪˈoʊbiəm tɪˈteɪniəm ˈælɔɪ| -сплав из титана и ниобия
Type I and Type II superconductors – сверхпроводники I и II рода
Brian Josephson – английский физик Брайан Джозефсон
Paul Chu – американский физик китайского происхождения Пол Чу
lanthanum |ˈlænθənəm| – химический элемент лантан (La)
yttrium |ˈɪtriəm| – химический элемент иттрий (Y)