Exercise 32. A. Англоязычный гость приезжает в ваш город. Дайте ему рекомендации, используя should / ought to.
1. Come during white nights;
2. stay at least for a week;
3. book a room in advance;
4. choose a hotel in the centre of the city;
5. go to the suburbs such as ...;
6. buy souvenirs in the largest department store;
7. sail in a water tram along rivers and canals;
8. have a night walk along the embankment;
9. visit a museum.
B. Ваш друг собирается на пляж. Что ему необходимо взять с собой, одеть или сделать? Дайте советы, используя ought to.
Example: You ought to take sunglasses.
need
Модальный глагол need выражает необходимость совершения действия. На русский язык обычно переводится словами нужно, надо.
Он имеет только форму настоящего неопределенного времени need, т.е. форм прошедшего и будущего неопределенного времени не имеет:
We need talk of this Нам больше не нужно
no more. об этом говорить.
В отличие от других модальных глаголов вопросительная и отрицательная формы модального глагола need могут образовываться также и при помощи вспомогательного глагола to do в соответствующей форме, причем смысловой глагол в этом случае употребляется с частицей to:
Need we answer this letter? / Нам нужно ответить
Do we need to answer this letter? на это письмо ?
You need not answer this letter. / На это письмо вам
You do not need to answer this letter. не нужно отвечать.
Exercise 33. Заполните пропуски глаголом need.
Example: The teacher says we needn't go to school tomorrow, (negative)
Do I need to have a license to drive a car in this country? (question)
You've got a terrible cough. You need see a doctor, (positive)
1. My mother says that I ___ work harder. (positive)
2. ___ he ___ phone you before he comes to see you? (question)
3. You can go home now, you ___ stay any longer. (negative)
4. How much money ___ we ___ save up for the trip? (question)
5. Pat's a clever student, but she ___ work harder. (positive)
Exercise 34. Ответьте на вопросы.
Example: Must I write the letter now? –
No, you needn’t. You can write it tomorrow. / Yes, you must.
1. Must I prepare the essay now?
2. Must she type the document now?
3. Must I bring that question up now?
4. Must I call her at once?
5. Must the students hand in their papers today?
6. Must we finish the work today?
7. Must the manager talk to the client right now?
8. Must I send him a telegram?
9. Must Miss Brown book the tickets today?
10. Must we pay him a visit now?
Exercise 35. Вставьте недостающие реплики.
1. A: Can I speak to Mr Smith? B: …………………………
A: Could I leave a message for him? B: …………………………
2. A: …………………… B: Hold on, please. I'll see if he's in the office.
3. A: ……………………………….
B: This is 643-8973. But there's no one by the name of Sam here.
4. A: Can I speak to Miss Jones? B: ……………………………
A: No, I'll call again later.
Exercise 36 . Сделайте данные предложения отрицательными и вопросительными. Переведите их.
Example: I must go to work today. I mustn't go to work today.
Must I go to work today?
1. You can answer all the questions.
2. We may park here.
3. On weekdays we could stay up late.
4. Ann might know Tom's address.
5. I ought to write to him tomorrow.
6. Kelly must practise the piano every day.
7. They should be in bed now.
8. We need tell Nick about the party.
Exercise 37. Поставьте вместо выделенных заменителей модальные глаголы, сделайте необходимые изменения и перевод.
1. Anybody is able to learn to cook.
2. He is allowed to be present at the lesson.
3. You are to stop smoking.
4. I have to correct the plan.
5. They are permitted not to agree with me.
6. He has to go there.
7. She is able to speak Spanish.
8. You have to be here by 6 o’clock.
9. I am allowed to correct my plan.
10. They are to help him.
Exercise 38. Поставьте вместо выделенных заменителей модальные глаголы, сделайте необходимые изменения и перевод.
1. The rule has to be simple.
2. You are to go to the cinema.
3. My mum is able to knit.
4. My brother is permitted to stay late at night.
5. They are able to swim very well.
6. We have to go there on time.
7. He is able to ride a horse.
8. You are allowed to be at the party.
9. The secretary is to type this document.
10. The cat is permitted to sleep on an arm-chair.