He shall get his money. Он получит свои деньги .
The child shall be punished for it. Ребёнок будет наказан за это.
Глагол shall также выражает запрос относительно дальнейших действий: Shall we begin? – Нам начинать?
should
Глагол should в основном употребляется для выражения настоятельного совета, рекомендации:
You should see a doctor. Вам следует показаться врачу.
Exercise 25. Вставьте вместо пропусков глагол shall или should.
1. Everyone ... have the right to education.
2. Government officials ... be accountable to the people.
3. All people ... be equal in law.
4. With some exceptions Americans believe they ... be free to do pretty much as they please so long as they don’t hurt other people.
5. Americans believe that every citizen ... have an equal chance to influence government policy.
6. No one ... inform about the private life of any person.
Exercise 26. Дополните предложения, используя you should и данные выражения:
Buy a new pair of shoes, go on a diet, go to the bank, go to the post office, go to bed and take a nap, see a dentist, study harder.
Example: I want to mail a package. – You should go to the post office.
1. I’m gaining weight. My old clothes are too small for me.
2. My marks aren’t good. I have many “threes”.
3. I need some money.
4. My shoes have holes in the bottom.
5. I have a toothache.
6. I’m sleepy.
Exercise 27. Дополните предложения, используя should / shouldn ’ t.
1. Your plane leaves at 8:00. You … get to the airport by 7:00.
2. When you go to New York City, you … see a play on Broadway.
3. You … walk alone in city streets after midnight. It’s dangerous.
4. It’s raining. You … take your umbrella when you leave.
5. We … waste our money on things we don’t need.
6. Students … cut class.
7. Pupils … come to class every day.
8. Life is short. We … waste it.
9. Jimmy! You … pull the cat’s tail!
10. People … be cruel to animals.
Exercise 28 . Дополните предложения, используя might , must , should . Возможны утвердительные и отрицательные варианты. В некоторых предложениях возможно использование нескольких глаголов.
1. Nancy said you didn't need to buy her anything for her birthday, but I really think you … at least get her some flowers or a nice bottle of wine. 2. Debbie said she was really busy this week, but I think she … show up at the party if she doesn't have to work overtime on Friday. 3. Nina said she would come over right after work, so she … be here by 6:00. 4. Oh my God, he's unconscious. Don't move him – he … have internal injuries. Somebody call an ambulance. 5. You … be kidding! That can't be true. 6. Dan: Where's the remote control? I want to change the channel. Fiona: I don't know. It … be under the couch. Or, perhaps I absent-mindedly took it into the kitchen. I'll check in there. 7. For most people, learning a language is a challenging undertaking. Experts agree that to make the most of your language learning experience, you … practice the language regularly and push yourself to maintain old vocabulary while acquiring new words and expressions. 8. New research suggests that exercise can reduce the chance of heart disease as well as cancer. That's why I told my father that he … start walking once a day. 9. We should invite Sally and her husband to come to the picnic on Saturday. We haven't seen them in weeks, and they … really enjoy a nice day at the beach. 10. Tim: While I was a student, I spent a year and a half studying Pygmy culture in the Central African Republic. My research focused on unique aspects of the their social structure and religion. Simona: That … have been absolutely fascinating! 11. We had better call Tony to see if he's at home before we go over to his house. He … be there and we don't want to drive all the way over there for nothing. 12. At first, my boss didn't want to hire Sam. But, because I had previously worked with Sam, I told my boss that he … take another look at his resume and reconsider him for the position. 13. You … worry so much. It doesn't do you any good. Either you get the job, or you don't. If you don't, just apply for another one. Eventually, you will find work. 14. I would love to go on the cruise to Tahiti with Robin and Michelle. But such a luxurious trip … cost a fortune. I doubt I could afford something like that. 15. The book recommends adding fresh soil and using plant food to make your garden flowers grow. Since some people might be allergic to chemicals in artificial plant foods, the book says that you … use an organic brand to avoid skin irritations.
ought
Модальный глагол ought выражает моральную необходимость совершения действия. На русский язык обычно переводится словами должен, должен бы, следует, следовало бы. Имеет только форму настоящего неопределенного времени ought, т. е. форм прошедшего и будущего неопределенного времени не имеет.
После модального глагола ought смысловой глагол в неопределенной форме употребляется с частицей to: