Exercise 15. Заполните пропуски глаголами have ( got ) to или must в нужном времени. В некоторых случаях возможны два варианта.
1. You ____ get a visa before you go abroad next month. 2. The children are happy because they ____ do any homework tonight. 3. ____ (you /do) military service in this country? 4. Mr Butler's office is close enough to his apartment. He ____ take a bus. He only takes it in bad weather. 5. You ____ stand up and walk around when the plane is taking off. 6. I've got a terrible toothache. I really ____ go to the dentist.
Exercise 16 . Заполните пропуски глаголами must или have to в правильной форме.
1. Nancy was feeling ill last night. She … leave the party early.
2. You really … work harder if you want to enter the institute.
3. Many children in Britain … wear school uniform.
4. Ann’s eyes are not very good. She … to wear glasses for reading.
5. I … write to my parents. I haven’t written to them for ages.
6. I can’t come on Saturday. I … meet my relatives at the airport.
Exercise 17. Составьте предложения, используя данные фразы и глагол must.
Close the door behind you; go to medical school; have a driver’s licence; have a library card; have a passport; speak English outside of class every day, listen to the radio, watch television, read newspapers, make new friends, and think to myself in English; stop; study harder; take one pill every six hours.
Example: A driver …. – A driver must have a driver’s licence.
1. If a traffic light is red, a car ….
2. My doctor gave me a prescription. I ….
3. If you want to check a book out of library, you ….
4. I failed the last two tests in my biology class. According to my professor, I ….
5. If I want to travel abroad, I ….
6. If you want to become a doctor, you ….
7. Jimmy! It’s cold outside. When you come inside, you ….
8. I want to improve my English. According to my teacher, I ….
Exercise 18. Перепишите предложения, используя глагол must.
Example: It’s necessary for the children to study well. –
The children must study well.
1. It’s necessary for the children to play out-of-doors.
2. It’s necessary for Mike to get up early tomorrow.
3. It’s necessary for Mr. White to consult a doctor.
4. It’s necessary for the students to learn these rules by heart.
5. It’s necessary for Ruth to help her mother about the house.
6. It’s necessary for you to improve your pronunciation.
7. It’s necessary for the monitor to fetch the tape recorder.
8. It’s necessary for the students to attend the lectures.
Exercise 19 . Перепишите предложения в косвенной речи.
Example: We must repair this car. What’s that? –
They say … – They say (that) they must repair that car.
1. We feel thirsty. What’s that? They say …
2. I shall catch the bus. What’s that? He says …
3. I am cold. What’s that? She says …
4. I have a cold. What’s that? He says …
5. I need a licence. What’s that? She says …
6. I shall sell this house. What’s that? He says …
7. I have an earache. What’s that? He says …
8. I want a haircut. What’s that? He says …
Exercise 20 . В данных предложениях употребите must или mustn ’ t .
1. Before getting on a plane you … show your boarding card. 2. You … fasten your seat belt during take off and landing. 3. Before you board a plane, you … pay your luggage on the scale, and you … pass the passport control. 4. You … use the toilet during take off or landing. 5. Passengers … use radio sets on board a plane. 6. You … smoke in the toilet on board the plane at any time. 7. Passengers … smoke in the smoking area. 8. You … block the aisle during the flight. 9. After landing, you … stay in your seat until the plane has come to a standstill.
Exercise 21. Перепишите предложения, используя must be.
Example: I’m sure you feel bad after the flight. –
You must feel bad after the flight.
1. This is probably the house we’ve been looking for.
2. I feel sure this is somebody else’s hat; it’s too small for me.
3. That man is probably an American.
4. I’m sure it’s going to rain.
5. I feel sure these are the papers he asked me for.
6. I am sure it is pleasant to live in such a beautiful flat.
7. It is probably a very complicated task.
8. You have probably heard the song before.
9. I feel sure there is a bend in the road right ahead of us.
10. These ancient buildings were probably erected about three hundred years ago.
Exercise 22. Перепишите предложения согласно образцу.
Example: He has probably missed the train. –
He must have missed the train.
1. I’m sure he has changed a great deal since his college days.
2. She has probably received the telegram in time.
3. I am certain the place looks lovely in spring.
4. He probably was out when you called.
5. They probably lost his address.
6. It seems certain that he dropped the parcel here.
7. I am sure he has reached home by now.
8. There is no doubt he invented the whole story.
9. I’m sure the man was handsome in his youth.
10. I am sure he found the documents.
11. There is no doubt they told a lie.
to be + Infinitive
Сочетание глагола to be с инфинитивом употребляется для выражения необходимости совершения действия в соответствии с предыдущей договорённостью или заранее намеченным планом. Переводится как "должен, должен был" и т.п.:
I was to meet her at 3 o'clock. Я должен был встретить её в 3 часа.
They are to begin this work Они должны начать работу
at once. немедленно .
Exercise 23. Ответьте на вопросы, используя модальный глагол to be . Подготовьте устный перевод.
Example: Why didn’t you go to the cinema with your parents? You wanted to go together. – I was to go to the cinema, but I was ill.
1. Why didn’t you come to Mary’s party? You wanted to come. 2. Why didn’t you work in the office on Saturday? You promised to help us. 3. Why didn’t you buy a new car? Yours is old. 4. Why didn’t you call Sally? She waited for you. 5. Why didn’t you finish the translation? You wanted to finish your work. 6. Why didn’t you help your parents in the garden? You promised to water the vegetables.
Exercise 2 4 . Ответьте на вопросы, используя модальный глагол to be и фразы в скобках.
Example: Are you going to visit your uncle today? (but I was very busy) –
Yes, I am. I was to visit him yesterday, but I was very busy.
1. Are you going to buy vegetables today? (but I forgot)
2. Are you going to your English teacher? (I couldn’t)
3. Are you going to the dentist today? (I was afraid)
4. Are you going to bring your collection of coins to college? (I couldn’t find it)
5. Are you going to clean your room today? (I was very tired)
shall
Глагол shall выражает обещание, намерение, угрозу, предостережение: