Present Perfect Continuous
Во многих других иностранных языках существует четкая граница между часто употребляемыми временами и не очень часто встречающимися. В английском же таковой границы не существует, и нужно очень хорошо знать все времена, чтобы суметь грамотно выразить свою мысль. Например, простой вопрос “Как долго вы изучаете английский?” нужно переводить, используя именно это сложное время глагола: How long have you been learning English?
Теперь рассмотрим всё подробнее на следующем примере:
– Is it raining? – No, but the ground is wet. – It has been raining.
Have / has been raining – это Present Perfect Continuous. Вот как он образуется:
I / You / We / They have (I've) been doing, waiting
He / She / It has (He's) been playing
Present Perfect Continuous используется для обозначения действия, которое имело место в недалёком прошлом, закончилось недавно или только что. Как у всех Perfect, должна быть обязательная связь с настоящим:
– You are out of breath. Have you been running?
– Paul is very tired. He's been working very hard. ( он устал сейчас )
– Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
– I've been talking to Carol about the problem and she thinks that...
Также действие может продолжаться до сих пор. Обращайте внимание на обстоятельства времени:
– How long have you been learning English? (действие продолжается до сих пор)
– Tim is still watching television. He's been watching television all day.
– Where have you been? I've been looking for you for half an hour.
– George hasn't been feeling well recently.
Сравните Present Continuous и Present Perfect Continuous:
I am doing. I have been doing.
Don't disturb me now. I'm working. I've been working hard, so
We need an umbrella. It's raining. now I'm going to have a rest.
Hurry up! We are waiting. The ground is wet. It's been raining.
We've been waiting for an hour.
Exercise 47. Используйте глаголы в Present Perfect или Present Perfect Continuous. Выполните перевод.
1. She's (lost / been losing) her purse. 2. Someone (has eaten / has been eating) the chocolates! They're nearly all gone! 3. I've (waited / have been waiting) for you for ages! Where have you been? 4. He's (crashed / been crashing) his father's car. He's awfully sorry. 5. How many exercises (have you done / have you been doing) today? 6. "Why are you so hot?" – "I've (played / been playing) squash." 7. I've (never read / never been reading) a better book in my life. 8. How long have you (known / been knowing) Julia and Tim? 9. They've (painted / been painting) the bedroom for a week. They'll finish it soon.