Вопросительная и отрицательная формы в Present и Past Indefinite в этом случае образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола do ( does , did ): Do we have to learn the dialogue by heart?
Как вспомогательный глагол to have образует времена группы Perfect и Perfect Progressive. В этом случае глагол to have не переводится на русский язык, но служит показателем времени смыслового глагола:
I have seen him. Я видел его .
He had finished his article Он закончил статью
by nine o’clock. к 9 часам .
В следующих сочетаниях глагол to have утратил свое основное значение «иметь, обладать» и переводится:
to have breakfast – завтракать
to have dinner/lunch – обедать
to have supper/dinner – ужинать
В сочетании с некоторыми существительными глагол to have выражает однократность действия:
to have a talk – поговорить to have a rest – отдохнуть
to have a walk – погулять to have a good time – хорошо
to have a shower – принять душ провести время и др.
to have a smoke – покурить
В этих случаях вопросительная и отрицательная формы глагола to have образуются при помощи глагола do ( does , did ):
When do you usually have supper? Когда вы обычно ужинаете?
Did you have a good time in the Вы хорошо провели время за
country on Sunday? городом в воскресенье?
Exercise 11. Заполните пропуски соответствующей формой глагола to have. Выполните перевод предложений.
1) We can … a good time in a nightclub.
2) Jonathan … a Literature lesson every Monday.
3) Next week we … two lessons on the ancient art of making columns.
4) They … a meeting last Tuesday.
5) Every mechanism … friction.
6) We never … problems with our study.
7) February … twenty-eight days.
8) My sister and I … different opinions.
9) Our academy … only two departments in 1930.
Exercise 12. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на значение глагола to have:
It’s on Sunday that I will have guests at home. I will have to prepare everything for the party myself because my mother will be away. She will go to a rest home.
Exercise 13. Дополните предложения подходящими по смыслу выражениями с глаголом to have, используя его в нужном времени:
have a party, have a cigarette, have a good time, have a good rest, have a shower, have a headache, have a swim.
1. Tom enjoys sports, so in summer he … every day.
2. Mary likes to receive her friends and every Saturday she …. Her friends always … at her parties.
3. How often …? – Not often. I don’t like washing.
4. Why do you often …? – Because I always work very hard and seldom ….
5. Would you like …? – No, thank you. I don’t smoke.
Exercise 14. Определите функцию глагола to have в предложениях. Выполните перевод.
1) Hе told her what had happened and left.
2) Did you have a talk with our dean yesterday?
3) There are a number of experiments that have to be done.
4) I have an English textbook.
5) Have you got the latest edition of "Technical News"?
6) In mechanics we have to do with pressure much greater than that of air.
7) I am sure he has already learnt some English poems.
8) Did you have a pleasant time yesterday?
9) A liquid has the shape of the containing vessel.
10) You will have to make numerous computations.
Exercise 15. Определите функцию глагола to have в предложениях. Выполните перевод.
1) We have to sign a contract.
2) Have you got any new stamps in your collection?
3) He has had much money.
4) The parcel has been delivered by post.
5) I haven’t any books on English Literature.
6) She had to stay at home.
7) Have you ever been to the United Kingdom?
8) I have got two brothers and a sister.
9) My parents had to leave for Krasnoyarsk earlier.
10) We have no time to discuss this question.
UNIT 2