Прочитайте текст и изложите его содержание по-английски. Talking via Space
Communication has come a long way from the time when a Indian beat a drum (барабан ) in the forest to the time when a scientist receives messages from a satellite. In this space age communication has become a highly developed field. The system of communication in large countries is unthinkable today without space satellites. Besides large distances,there is a great time difference: the territories of some countries comprise up to 11 zones. Satellites help to minimize all the difficulties that may appear. They rapidly transmit TV and radio programs to different towns, cities, and distant areas.
Space systems and electronic technology have made it possible to set up an automatic system of communication designed for rapid transmission of all kinds of information.
People write letters and send telegrams. But at the same time people living in various cities like to exchange (обмениваться ) news on the telephone. Statistics reports that the number of long-distance telephone calls is about 2, 000 million per year. A person in Moscow talking on the phone with Vladivostok must know that this conversation is carried on through a satellite.
Trains and cars can use mobile radio telephones to make calls. Businessmen can use teletypewriters (телетайп ) to send messages via telephone lines to other teletypewriters in another city which automatically
58
59
print them as they are received. Even photographs can be sent over
telephone wires.
Practically all the population in large countries can watch TV programs via satellites. The orbital communication systems make it possible for people from different continents to see and hear one another.
The importance of space means of communication is increasing every year. The communication satellites of the international organization "INTERSAT" enable people to keep reliable telephone, telegraph and telex communication in any weather with ships practically in every part of the World Ocean.
LESSON 5
Определения
Определительные придаточные предложения Слова curry и mean и словосочетания с ними Суффиксы - ive , -иге Префикс super - Text 5А. Is there an End to the Computer Race? Text5B. Computers Concern You Text5C. Text 5D. The Library of Congress
ПРЕДТЕКСТОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
Упражнение 1. Переведите словосочетания, обращая внимание на разные способы выражения определения:
a new invention, to be of great importance, books available in this library, at this time, our professor's lectures, the building of their institute, an institute's library, a television programme, our central TV programme, the first television set, the first pocket-size colour television set, today's shows, a tiny nine-by-twelve inch box, the 1939 World Fair, a reading room, people living in different time zones of the country, modern TV sets appearing now, a written text, a factory built in Siberia, an article to translate, the first to translate those texts.
Упражнение 2. Укажите предложения, где подчеркнутое слово является определением:
1. Complex systems of radio transmission networks have Been set up throughout the world. 2. Scientists all over the world were quick to realize the importance of radio and contributed much to its further development. 3. The Russian scientist A.S.Popov worked much at the problem of radio communication. 4. It is necessary to radio the latest news to distant parts of the country. 5. The system of communication in any country is unthinkable today without satellites. 6. Electronic technology has made it Possible to set up automatic communication systems. 7. A new international orbital system provides telephone, telegraph and telex communication with ships practically in every part of the World Ocean. 8. It is known that a Photon is a particle of light. 9. Some specialists expect that a photon can
6i
greatly increase the operation of a computer. 10. Photon computers are quite possible in the not so far future.
Упражнение 3. Назовите определения в следующих предложениях и переведите их:
1.There are twenty-five students in our group, five students got excellent marks for all their exams. 2.Students studying at our institute must know mathematics well. З .Тпе device made at our laboratory will be used in industry. 4.1t is a short and easy text, our students don't need a dictionary to translate it. 5.Scientists working at new computers have a lot of different problems to solve. 6.A citizen of our country was the first to circle the globe. 7.The first television black-and-white pictures produced a sensation in 1939. 8.A tiny nine-by-twelve inch box was displayed at the 1939 World Fair. 9.Now we can see many different radio and TV sets in every house. lO.Computers of different types and sizes have appeared in every country of the world.
1.Materials necessary at present to produce supercomputers are difficult to make. 2.A system capable of transmitting long distance messages was developed at the end of the last century. 3.People present at the World Fair in New York were interested in the new invention. 4.Some general engineering subjects difficult for the first-year students are necessary for studying specialized subjects.
Упражнение 4. Назовите подлежащее придаточного определительного предложе ния и переведите предложения:
1. Morse invented a code that used dots and dashes for letters of the alphabet. 2. Al.Bell found an assistant who was a specialist in electrical engineering. 3. They wanted to build a machine which people could use to talk over long distances. 4. A television screen and camera that will be used with usual telephone are very small. 5. People who come to the Aircraft Fair in Paris see new designs of aircraft from different countries. 6. Bell did not know German which most writers of scientific and technical papers used at the time. 7. The decimal system that was developed by French scientists was introduced in Russia by D.I. Mendeleev.
Упражнение 5. Измените предложения, гае это возможно, согласно образцам; пе реведите: