Unit 5,6 Тексты все там можно просмотреть (Учебник Радовель)
Контрольная работа I Answer the question!
1. What is the role of an analyst? 2. What functions do computer systems perform?
3. What types of computers do you know?
4. What is the principle of operation of analog computers?
5. Where are digital and analog computers used? 6. What are hybrid computers?
7. What is hardware? 8. What is the definition of software?
9. What are the types of software? 10.What are systems software?
11.Who prepares systems software? 12.What are aplications software?
II Read and translate the text orally, choose the right answer.
From the history of computer development in Russia
As it is well-known, Russian scientists made great contribution into the development of computers. Russian mathematician P. Chebyshev who lived in the 19th century was interested in calculators. Among many other mechanisms invented by him there was an arithmometer designed in 1876. It was Computer systems: an overview one of the most unique calculating machines of the time. At the beginning of the 20th century Academic A. Krylov constructed a mechanical integrator for solving differential equations.
The first Soviet computer, a small-size computing machine (MESM) was tested in 1950 under Academician S. Lebedev. Next year it was put into operation. In a year MESM was followed by BESM, a large-size electronic computing machine, with 8,000 operations per second.
Serial production of computers in the USSR has been started since 1953. That year U. Basilevsky headed the design and manufacture of computer STRELA. 1958 witnessed the production of M-20, computers of the first generation under the guidance of S. Lebedev. The first generation of electron tube computers was followed by the second generation of fototransistor computers, using magnetic logic elements.
Starting with 1964 semiconductor computers — URAL, BESM-4 and M-220 were produced. Under Academician Glushkov smallsize computers MIR, MIR-2, and DNEPR were designed and tested at the Institute of Cybernetics.
In the late 60s together with other members of the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance the Soviet Union started on the program of Unified Computer System, the program concerned with the third generation of сomputers with highspeed performance and program compatibility (совместимость).
1. What was one of the first achievements in the sphere of calculating in Russia? a) calculator; b) arithmometer; c) mechanical integrator
2. When was the first Soviet computer put into operation? a) in 1950; b) in 1951; c) in 1952
3. Who headed the serial production of computers in the USSR? a) A. Krylov; b) S. Lebedev; c) U. Basilevsky
4. Which machine was the first in the development of the first-generation computers? a) MESM; b) STRELA; c) M-20
5. When did the production of the third-generation computers begin? a) late 60s; b) early 70s; c) late 70s
III Разделите приведенные ниже слова на три группы, определяя по суффиксу часть речи — существительное, прилагательное или наречие. Переведите слова .
Organization, functional, available, equipment, processor, completely, architectural, converter, convertible, controller, removable, logical, addition, additional, usually, accomplishment, operator, operation, mainly, communication, insertion, electronic, digital, instruction, generally, arithmetic, daily, development, central, lately, visible, substitution, understandable.