Model: Did Ann make the dress yourself? No, she had it made.
1. Did you cut your hair yourself?
2. Did they paint the garage themselves? •
3. Did Jim cut that tree himself?
4. Did you repair the car yourself?
5. Do you clean your house yourself?
Ex. 23. (A, B) Complete the situation using to have smth done.
1. Sue is at the hairdresser's at the moment. She ...
2. Ann'swatch had been broken, she took it to a jeweller's. Now it is working Ann ...
3. What are the workmen doing in your garden? Oh, I...
4. Can I see the holiday photographs you took? I'm afraid not, I...
Ex. 24. (В, С) Translate into English using the pattern to have smth done.
Model : 1) Я делаю прическу в парикмахерской каждую пятницу. I have my hair done every Friday. 2) Здесь вам почистят пальто за одни сутки. Here you can have your coat cleaned overnight. 1. Вам надо отгладить и почистить костюм. 2. Мне надо сфотографироваться. 3. Здесь можно отдать в чистку плащ? 4. Вам не починят кран до понедельника. 5. Где вам шьют? 6. Где вам шили это платье? 7. У него украли документы в прошлом году. 8. Ей выкрасили кухню в светло-зеленый цвет. 9. Она сшила себе новое пальто. 10. Мне нужно сделать прическу.
3.6 THE ABSOLUTE PARTICIPIAL CONSTRUCTION
It is a construction in which the participle has the "subject" of its own. This "subject" is not the subject of the sentence.
□ The letter having been written, he went out to post it.
Письмо было написано, и он пошел на почту отправить его.
340
□ The room being dark, I couldn't see him.
Так как в комнате было темно, я не видел его. Though formally independent of the sentence the absolute construction is a logical adverbial modifier of time, cause, condition and is rendered in Russian by means of an adverbial clause ( таккак ; хотя ; когда ; после того ; как ...).
EXERCISES_____________________________________________________________
Ex. 25. ( А , В ). Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
1. Many men preceded Newton in the field of mechanics, perhaps the most outstanding being Galileo. 2. Red phosphorus being a more stable form, its reactions are much less violent. 3. The fuel exhausted, the engine stopped. 4. Probably the first metals used by man were gold, silver, and copper, these metals being found in nature in the native or metallic state. 5. Electrons moving through a wire, electrical energy is generated. 6. Mars has two satellites, Deimos ("Horror") and Phobos ("Fear"), both discovered during the favourable opposition of 1877.7. A magnet being broken in two, each piece becomes a magnet with its own pair of poles. 8. Many technical and scientific problems having been solved, the first space flight could be realized. 9. An electron leaving the surface, the metal becomes positively charged. 10. The plant supplied with good raw materials, the quality of products has been much improved.
Ex. 26. (A, B) Replace the clauses with the Absolute Participial Construction.
Model: As the book was translated into Russian, it could be read by everybody.
The book being translated into Russian, it could be read by everybody. 1. As the rain had ruined my hat, I had to buy a new one. 2. After this was done, they set off with light hearts. 3. As few people were buying his pencils, he could hardly earn a living. 4. As there was a severe storm at sea, the steamer couldn't leave the port. 5. As it was Sunday, the library was closed. 6. As the weather was fine, they went for a walk. 7. As the Professor was ill, the lecture was put off.
3.7 REVISION
Ex. 1. (В, С) Supply where necessary the particle "to" before the Infinitives.
1. He was making every effort to induce his father... change his mind. 2. But I got him ... talk. 3. Nevertheless, on those mornings he could not bring himself... read the political correspondents' gossip-columns. 4.1 knew that he would never encourage his daughter... marry a fortune. 5. As he answered her question, I noticed her... look surprised. 6.1 could feel the blood ... leave my face in a rush. 7. Understand once and for all, I won't have you ... say this sort of thing. 8. The doctor had expressly forbidden him ...talk. 9. He did not hear the car... arrive. 10. He had never known his uncle ... express any sort of feeling. 11. I wasn't prepared to let him ... go out alone. 12. He was not only giving them the chance, he was pressing them ... do so. 13. I shall try to make the thing ... work. 14. They watched Esther... return after a time. 15. He drew out a stiff, plain pocket-book as I had often seen him ... use it in meetings, and began to write down numbers.
341
Ex. 2. (С) Supply Infinitives and ing-forms for the following texts:
I
Saturday. It was the day on which he had promised ...1 his landlady (to pay). He had expected something ...2 up all through the week (to turn). Yet he had found no work. All he could do now was ...3 her that he could not pay the bill (to tell). But he hadn't the courage ...4 the woman (to face). It was the middle of June. The night was warm. He made up his mind .. .5 out (to stay). ...6 down the Embankment, he kept...7 to himself that he had always tried ...8what he thought best, but everything had gone wrong (to walk, to say, to do). He was ashamed of ...9 so many lies to his friends (to tell). It had been absurd ...10 his pride ...11 him from ...12for assistance (to let, to prevent, to ask). Now his lies made it impossible for him ...13 to anyone for help (to turn). But it was no good ...u about it (to think).
II
When my sister Anne was six years old, I saved her from ...1 (to kidnap). At the end of the war there were rumours about strange men who lured little children into quiet places with promises of toys and sweets, persuaded them into .. .2 about their parents and if the parents turned out.. .3 of no further interest to them, they usually left the children .. .4 their way home in tears (to talk, to be, to find). So my parents spent a great deal of time ...5 Anne about ...6 to strange men (to warn, to talk). One day, Anne went out ...7 in the street after tea and could not be found an hour later (to play). We looked through ...8 streets, but no one had seen her (to surround). My father went off in the car ...9 for her, and I decided ...10 in the park (to look, to search). Some boys there told me that they had seen a small girl in a blue dress ...11 a cricket match, and someone else said that she had been seen ...12 off with a man who was pushing a bicycle (to watch, to walk). The chances were against this child ...13 my sister, but I walked off in the direction in which they had been seen ...u (to be, to walk). This brought me to a back alley. I called Anne's name, and was surprised ...15 her voice ...16 back (to hear, to call).
(From "An English Grammar Practice Book")
Ex. 3. (В, С) Translate the following using Infinitives or ing-forms.
1. Жена фермера приходила каждый день, чтобы убрать комнаты, (to clean) 2. Ему посоветовали не рассказывать им историю своей жизни, (to advise) 3. Девочке велели разлить в чашки чай. (to tell) 4. Слышали, как несколько минут тому назад они спорили на террасе, (to hear) 5. Фил сунул деньги в карман, не сосчитав их. (count) 6. Полагают, что он глубоко привязан к своей семье, (to believe) 7. Было известно, что он пишет книгу о нравах, (to know) 8. Через окно можно было видеть, что водитель ждет у машины, (to see) 9. Я был слишком возбужден, чтобы есть, (to be excited) 10. Сообщили, что он изменил свое решение, (to report) 11. Я знал, что он не способен принимать решения, (be capable of) 12. Он любил смеяться над теми, кто был робок, (be fond of) 13. Ему разрешили оставить у них свою фамилию и адрес, (to allow) 14. Симон и Дик остались разговаривать в гостиной, (to leave) 15. Он без труда найдет себе работу в Нью-Йорке, (no difficulty) 16. Может быть, вам интересно посмотреть, что за человек этот Роберт, (be of interest) 17. Нас оставили, чтобы мы посмотрели фильм, (to leave) 18. Его не видно целую неделю. Говорят, что он в отпуске, (to say) 19. Ему велели прийти сюда к мистеру Эбботу. (to tell) 20. Мы нашли Фокса. Он ожидал нас на террасе. (Фокса нашли ожидающим нас на террасе) (to find) 21. Он наблюдал, как люди торопились к поездам, (watch) 22. Я слышал, как он звал нас. (hear) 23. Его присутствие было
342
неожиданным, потому что говорили, что он путешествует на востоке, (to say) 24. Я посмотрел на свою мать, которая счастливо смеялась над шутками Тома.
3.8 TESTS
I
1. Прибыв до открытия конференции, они успели осмотреть город.
2. Она сидела и улыбалась.
3. Этот человек, сидящий у окна, вчера сделал интересный доклад.
4. Когда я смотрел этот фильм, я вспоминал свое детство.
5. Я прочел несколько книг этого автора, переведенных на русский язык.
6. Люди, ожидавшие вас, только что ушли.
7. Узнав его поближе (got to know), я понял, какой это хороший человек.
8. Человек, только что стоявший здесь, ушел.
9. Внимательно прочитав доклад, я нашел в нем несколько ошибок.
10. Будучи очень расстроенным, он решил уйти, не прощаясь.
II
1. Дома, построенные много лет назад, не столь удобны, как современные.
2. Подумав, что он может заинтересоваться этой книгой, я посоветовал ему прочитать ее.
3. Постучав дважды, они решили, что дома никого нет.
4. Не чувствуя себя виноватым (guilty), он отказался извиниться.
5. Некоторые марки, собранные им, очень интересны.
6. Будучи опытным врачом, он сразу понял, что случилось.
7. Женщина, открывшая мне дверь, выглядела очень мило.