□ He must be writing about his travels.
□ He must have taken a lot of photos while he was on the islands.
Present
Past
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In negative sentences and sentences referring to the future supposition is expressed by means of the modal words "evidently", "probably":
□ Evidently, she didn't know my address.
□ She will probably come tomorrow.
□ She is not likely to come so late.
COMPARE THE FOLLOWING PATTERNS:
| TIME OF THE ACTION | NECESSITY | NEAR CERTAINTY |
| PRESENT | Must wait Должен ждать Must know Должен знать | Must be waiting Должно быть , ждет Must know Должно быть , знает |
| PAST | Had to wait Должен был ждать Пришло ' сь ждать Had to know Должен был знать Надо было знать | Must + have been waiting Должно быть , ждал Must + have waited Должно быть , подождал Must have known Должно быть , знал |
| FUTURE | Shall/will have to wait Придется ждать Shall/will have to know Придется знать |
EXERCISES
Ex. 10. (A, B) In the following statements of near certainty change the form of the infinitive to refer to the past. Add appropriate time references.
| Model: □ They must know him. Должно быть , они его знают . □ They must be waiting for you. |
_к They must have known him, then.
— ^ Должно быть , они его знали .
_. They must have been waiting for you yesterday.
~~^ Должно быть , они ждали вас вчера. 1. It must be raining. 2. She must be pleased about it. 3. She must be really fond of you. 4. They must be always trying to help him. 5. She must know nothing about it. 6. She must be out shopping. 7. This must be the prettiest garden in the village. 8. She must be the youngest child in her class. 9. Somebody must be trying to get you on the phone. 10. The children must be at school now.
Ex. 11. (В, С) Paraphrase the following sentences using "must + infinitive" to express near certainty. Use the indefinite infinitive when speaking about the present, the perfect infinitive when speaking about the past.
Model: □ Of course, he is somewhere here. - He must be somewhere here.