… I know many people in Russia have dachas. Why do people want to have a dacha? What do they usually do there? How do people usually get there?

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Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.	Pluses and minuses
2.	Difficult to prove
3.	Strategy for success
4.	Choosing one’s lifestyle

5.	Why they win
6 .	Useful signs
7.	Genre differences
8.	Fresh start

A.	What sets a musical and an opera apart is that in opera, music is the driving force; in musical theatre, words come first. While listening to an opera, it usually doesn’t matter what language it’s sung in if you know the basic plot – but in musical theatre, the details come from the lyrics. This explanation clarifies why opera stars often sing in a different style than Broadway performers do, why operas and musicals are typically about different subjects, and why musical composition and orchestration vary between the two disciplines. 7
B.	When the Internet was invented, nobody really thought about security. The main aim was to connect computer networks over great distances. Although a lot of money have been spent on making the Internet safer, security has actually become worse. Experts say that the whole net has become so unsafe that it would be best to start all over again. Nobody knows what a new Internet would look like but users would have to give up their anonymity for a bit more safety. Today’s Internet might end up as a bad neighbourhood you just wouldn’t pass through. 8
C.	In the past decades African runners have dominated marathons all over the world. The Ethiopian Abebe Bikila ran barefoot to his first gold medal in the 1960 Olympic Games. He repeated his victory four years later. Experts think that African runners are better because they train in higher places in their home countries. Their legs may also be stronger than ours and they may have the ability to collect and store more oxygen. All of these help them become very good runners. 5
D.	Watching TV shows is a great way to learn spoken English, slang words, understand culture reference and humour. However, people on TV shows sometimes speak with grammar mistakes, which is often a part of character development. Characters talk with an accent, using non-standard English and pronouncing words in a way that is difficult to understand. While it is a great way to practice listening and talking in everyday life, it is probably not a good source for “proper English”.1
E.	When you are running a marathon it is very important to drink a lot so that your body does not dehydrate. You should run at a steady pace. Don’t start too fast or you will become tired very quickly and won’t be able to continue. This is called “hitting the wall”. In most cases runners then give up completely. On the other hand, you shouldn’t start too slowly or else you won’t reach the time limit you want to achieve. After a marathon most runners feel pain in their muscles. This is normal and it may take a few days before your body becomes normal again. 3
F.	In ancient times, people could only use the power of observation to tell what the weather would bring. They could observe the changing patterns of the seasons. This taught them when to plant and when the crops would grow. People also observed animals and the growing cycles of plants to predict changes in the weather. They could tell when a rainy season was coming and when it would get cold. People used their senses to see and smell changes in the weather. The migration of animals was also a good indication of change.6
G.	It is not clear who was the first to reach the North Pole. A US explorer called Frederick Cook insisted on having walked there in 1908, but nobody could support his claim. Another American called Robert Peary announced that he had reached the Pole in 1909, but because his men were not trained navigators, none of them could be sure. Because the Arctic is made of ice that floats on the sea, rather than snow and ice on rock like the Antarctic, any evidence of visiting the North Pole will quickly be swallowed up by water. 2

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Letniy Sad Letniy Sad (The Summer Garden) is a park ensemble, a monument of landscape art of the 18th century. Letniy Sad is the oldest park in St. Petersburg. The park was founded by Peter I in 1704. The Tsar dreamed of his own Versailles and drew its original plan himself. He planned to create a regular, architectural park with accurate layout and straight paths. Prominent architects and gardeners took part in its creation. The park was supposed to become a place of relaxation, A___2_______. Letniy Sad is surrounded by water. Natural boundary of the park from the north and east are the Neva and Fontanka Rivers, B____7______. Peter I brought sculptures from Italy for the park and was very proud of them. In the 18th century there were more than two hundred sculptures, C____5______, or moved to suburban royal residences and the Hermitage. Now Letniy Sad is decorated with 90 sculptures – copies made of artificial marble. In May, 2012 Letniy Sad was opened after reconstruction. The reconstruction work had been going on for about three years, D_____1_____ Letniy Sad as it was in the 18th century. Among the new items in Letniy Sad, there is the Archaeological Museum, E_____4_____ during the restoration of the park. Visitors can take a tour of the park F____6______ on Sundays.

1.	and restorers have done everything possible to keep
2.	combining the features of urban and suburban estates
3.	which are planned to be the centre of scientific research
4.	which contains interesting objects found by archaeologists
5.	but later many of them were either destroyed in the flood
6.	and enjoy the exhibitions and performances of a brass band
7.	and from the south and west – the Moika River and the Lebyazhiy Canal

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Santa Claus The man we know as Santa Claus has a history all to his own. Today, he is thought of mainly as the jolly man in red, but his story A__________2__________ the 3^rd century to a monk named St. Nicholas. It is believed that Nicholas was born sometime around 280 AD in modern-day Turkey. Much admired for his kindness, St. Nicholas B__________4__________. It is said that he gave away all of his inherited wealth and traveled the countryside helping the poor and sick. Over the course of many years, Nicholas’s popularity spread and he became known as the protector of children and sailors. His feast day C__________3__________ his death, December 6. This was traditionally considered a lucky day to make large purchases or to get married. By the Renaissance, St. Nicholas was the most popular saint in Europe. St. Nicholas first D__________5__________ at the end of the 18^th century. The name Santa Claus evolved from a Dutch shortened form of SintNikolaas. As his popularity grew, Sinter Klaas was described as everything from a jocker with a blue three-cornered hat, red waistcoat, and yellow stockings to a man wearing a broad-brimmed hat and a huge pair of Flemish trousers. In the 19^th centuries big stores E__________7__________ using images of the newly-popular Santa Claus. In 1841, thousands of children visited a Philadelphia shop to see a life-size Santa Claus model. It F__________1__________ before stores began to attract children, and their parents, with the lure of a peek at the “real-life” Santa Claus with his famous white beard and red gown.

1.	was only a matter of time
2.	stretches all the way back to
3.	is celebrated on the anniversary of
4.	became the subject of many legends
5.	appeared in American popular culture
6.	began dressing up unemployed men in
7.	began to advertise Christmas shopping

Прочитайте отрывок из романа и выполните задания 1 – 7, выбирая букву A , B , C или D. Установите соответствие номера задания выбранному вами варианту ответа.

I wanted to find my niche. I wanted to fit so badly with some group, any group in high school. Sports didn’t really work for me. In fact, I dreaded those times in PE when the captains picked teams. Fights sometimes happened between captains about who would have the misfortune of ending up with me on their team. But one day, I saw a girl I liked go into the marching band office to sign up. Okay, sure, the uniforms looked stupid and being in the band didn’t exactly give you the best reputation at school, but there was Jaclyn. I would later learn that many of the greatest musicians of our time were motivated to music by some girl whose name they most likely don’t remember anymore.

The first thing to learn was how to hold the drum and play it. Holding the drum and playing it is not as easy as it might look. I did, after several private lessons, learn the rhythm. Next, as if that weren’t difficult enough, I had to learn how to play it while not only walking, but marching. At the end of the summer, our uniforms arrived. The band uniform is a sacred attire. It is not only carefully sized to fit the individual, long-sleeved and hand sewn, acquired through a lot of fund raising activities, and cleaned after each use. It is worn with pride. It is also 100 percent wool.

I forgot to mention something. In addition to an inability to play sports, I was also not so good at marching. If you were not in step, the band director would yell in a loud and embarrassingly annoyed voice, “OUT OF STEP!” It was at that point that I began to question my decision to join the band. How do playing music and marching around in silly formations, all “in step”, go together? Как связаны?

The day of our first competition finally arrived. Although it didn’t start until 9 a.m., we had to meet at 6 a.m. to get our uniforms from the “band boosters” – those selfless, dedicated parents who provided comfort and assistance to the members of the band. I was not really in existence. I could walk and talk, but inside my brain was fast asleep. I was standing around waiting for my hat to be cleaned when I noticed a big container of coffee. I poured myself a cup – my first-ever cup of coffee. It tasted pretty bitter, but I had to wake up.

Finally, they lined us all up and off we went. I had had my coffee, so I marched and beat the rhythm out with all my heart. Then, suddenly all my energy drained away. I began to feel sleepy and I fell “OUT OF STEP.” No one noticed at first and I tried to skip back into step. But nothing worked. Then I saw one of the band boosters talking to another one and pointing at me. Then they motioned for me to leave the formation. I walked over to them as the band marched on. They told me what I already knew, I was “OUT OF STEP”, and would have to stay out of the formation until the band passed the judging stand.

I couldn’t believe it. Now I had to climb over the lawn chairs, popcorn and arms and legs of my fellow townspeople for the next mile to keep up with the band, carrying my drum and wearing my uniform. This was the most humiliating moment of my life.

1. When the narrator was in high school he

A) wanted badly to belong to some sports team.

B) looked forward to PE classes.

C) sometimes had fights with team captains picking teams.

D) longed to have something in common with other students.

2. The reason why the narrator decided to sign up for the band was his

A) dream to become a musician.

B) wish to get a better reputation.

C) attraction to a girl.

D) liking the band uniform.

3. “The band uniform is a sacred attire” means it is

A) carefully sized to fit the individual.

B) long-sleeved hand sewn pure wool.

C) cleaned after each use.

D) highly respected and symbolic.

4. The narrator began to question his decision to join the band because he

A) saw no connection between playing music and marching.

B) suddenly found out that he was not so good at marching.

C) had a bad ear for music.

D) got frightened by the yells of the band director.

5. The narrator had a cup of coffee before marching because he

A) sometimes liked to have some.

B) didn't want to feel sleepy.

C) had got tired of waiting.

D) liked its bitter taste.

6. When the narrator fell “OUT OF STEP” he

A) just kept on marching.

B) expected the band boosters to encourage him.

C) worked hard to improve the situation.

D) looked forward to leaving the formation.

7. When the narrator was told to leave the formation he felt

A) frightened that the band director would scold him.

B) miserable because he knew he would be a laughing stock.

C) relieved because he did not have to march any more.

D) happy that he could join his fellow townspeople.

ЭССЕ :Playing sports is better than watching others do it.

Sports help people to fight stress.

ПИСЬМА :

21 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Pete who writes:

… My younger brother makes unbelievable things with his LEGO blocks. What kind of toys did you play with when you were young? What amazes you most in young kids today? How do you and your friends get along with younger brothers and sisters?

I had a wonderful trip to Florida …

Write a letter to Pete.

In your letter

– answer his questions

– ask 3 questions about his trip

Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

Yaroslavl

Russia

05/04/20

Dear Pete,

Thank you for your letter. It was great to hear from you again.

As for your questions, when I was a child, I liked to play with big soft toys, because I thought that they were my friends. Nowadays, children’s interests amaze me. I can’t understand why they like stupid cartoons about Peppa pig. Frankly speaking, I can’t imagine how young people get along with their little brothers and sisters because I have never spoken to little children.

By the way, what mean of transport did you use for your trip to Florida? How many days did you spend there? Did you go to Florida alone?

That’s all for now. Hope to hear from you soon.

Best wishes,

Dasha

22 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Bob who writes: