4. Вполне может быть так, что обе точки зрения правильные. (It may well happen so that …)
5. Язык не в состоянии описать то, что происходило в момент взрыва.
6. Однако все это произошло так, что миллионы лет спустя на другом конце Вселенной появился орган (человеческий мозг), который сумел смоделировать этот взрыв и восстановить ход событий.
7. По сути дела, наше пространство насыщено веществом и энергией. Создание системы, в которой может проживать человек, – вопрос времени и уровня развития научной мысли.
8. Наша планета является центром Вселенной в том смысле, что в ней отразились возможности, теоретически присутствующие в космосе для создания жизни.
9. В природе виды животных вымирают постоянно.
10. Я не сведущ в проблеме глобального потепления
11. Если какая-то идея не противоречит законам физики, то помешать ее воплощению может только низкий уровень развития научной мысли и больше ничего.
12. Следует признать тот факт, что, для того чтобы противостоять постоянно возникающим угрозам со стороны космоса, нам необходимо совершенствовать систему знаний, а без этого ни планете, ни нам выжить не удастся.
13. Поскольку на сегодня мы можем приостановить процесс потепления только сокращая выброс СО2 (подписав Киотское соглашение со всеми вытекающими из него ограничениями), то фактически мы живем в условиях надвигающейся катастрофы.
14. Проблема в знаниях, а не в ресурсах. Ресурсы огромны.
15. В данный момент эти исследования не являются основными.
16. По земным стандартам полый куб в безвоздушном пространстве пуст, но на самом деле в нем присутствует несколько сотен тонн вещества (материи), которое можно использовать, чтобы создать самодостаточную научную станцию для проживания группы ученых, занимающихся разработкой системы знаний.
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Composition and essay writing
In a composition, students are expected to set out the facts as they are, the primary objective being their accurate and impartial presentation.
In an essay the task is to give an individual interpretation of facts Thus the interpretation of a subject will differ depending on whether you are required to write a composition or an essay.
The reflective and argumentative essays
In text-books on written English, a distinction is often drawn between the reflective and the argumentative essay. The first is primarily an exercise in contemplation upon any given subject, the second – an exercise testing your ability to discuss a problem, to argue for or against a proposition. In the first you rely more on your imagination and power of observation, in the second – on general knowledge.
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The essay below demonstrates the principles of writing a basic essay. The thesis statement is in bold, the topic sentences are in italics, and each main point is underlined. When you write your own essay, of course, you will not need to mark these parts of the essay unless your teacher has asked you to do so. They are marked here just so that you can more easily identify them.
v «A dog is man’s best friend». That common saying may contain some truth, but dogs are not the only animal friend whose companionship people enjoy. For many people, a cat is their best friend. Despite what dog lovers may believe, cats make excellent house pets as they are good companions, they are civilized members of the household, and they are easy to care for.
In the first place, people enjoy the companionship of cats. Many cats are affectionate. They will snuggle up and ask to be petted, or scratched under the chin. Who can resist a purring cat? If they’re not feeling affectionate, cats are generally quite playful. They love to chase balls and feathers, or just about anything dangling from a string. They especially enjoy playing when their owners are participating in the game. Contrary to popular opinion, cats can be trained. Using rewards and punishments, just like with a dog, a cat can be trained to avoid unwanted behavior or perform tricks. Cats will even fetch!
In the second place, cats are civilized members of the household. Unlike dogs, cats do not bark or make other loud noises. Most cats don’t even meow very often. They generally lead a quiet existence. Cats also don’t often have « accidents » . Mother cats train their kittens to use the litter box, and most cats will use it without fail from that time on. Even stray cats usually understand the concept when shown the box and will use it regularly. Cats do have claws, and owners mus: make provision for this. A tall scratching post in a favorite cat area of the house will often keep the cat content to leave the furniture alone. As a last resort, of course, cats can be declawed.
Lastly, one of the most attractive features of cats as housepets is their ease of care. Cats do not have to be walked. They get plenty of exercise in the house as they play, and they do their business in the litter box. Cleaning a litter box is a quick, painless procedure. Cats also take care of their own grooming. Bathing a cat is almost never necessary because under ordinary circumstances cats clean themselves. Cats are more particular about personal cleanliness than people are. In addition, cats can be left home alone for a few hours without fear. Unlike some pets, most cats will not destroy the furnishings when left alone. They are content to go about their usual activities until their owners return.
Cats are low maintenance, civilized companions. People who have small living quarters or less time for pet care should appreciate these characteristics of cats. However, many people who have plenty of space and time still opt to have a cat because they love the cat personality. In many ways, cats are the ideal housepet.
Ex. 3. Speak on the following:
1. How do you visualize Spaceship Earth?
….. is not new. Basically,… appeared
2. Which aspects of keeping up our planet in a proper condition do you personally emphasize?
My stance on…… is …..