Task 7 Complete the sentences with words and phrases in the box.
1. Strip mining is the process of removing ……. above a desired deposit.
2. …….. is an alternative and more recent version of strip mining.
3. Mountain removal mining involves removing ……… to expose desired deposits below.
4. Overburden is …… of consolidated and unconsolidated material.
5. Most removal techniques are cyclical and involves ……..
6. The selection of mining equipment includes ….. of the pit and surrounding area, the amount of ore must be mined and ……. the ore must be transported for processing.
7. Most strip mines process ……
8. Quarried materials are either ……. to produce building stone or combined with other chemicals to produce cement and lime.
9. Mineral processing, art of treating crude ore and mineral products in order to separate ……..
from the waste rock, is the first process that most ores undergo after mining.
a. the top of steep mountains, b. extraction and removal phases, c. mountain removal
d. topography, e. valuable minerals, f. crushed and broken,
g. a thin strip of overburden, h. distance, I. non-hard rock deposits,
j. waste rock.
Task 8 Match the words and their definitions
| 1. methods of extracting minerals near the surface of Earth | a. copper |
| 2. naturally occurring accumulations or concentrations of minerals | b. aluminium |
| 3. rock or soil overlying a mineral deposit | c. surface mining |
| 4. get, acquire | d. phosphate |
| 5. a red-brown metal | e. overburden |
| 6. a chemical compound that contains phosphorus | f. obtain |
| 7. a long, narrow, typically vertical hole that gives access to a mine | g. mineral deposit |
| 8. a light silvery-grey metal | h. shaft |
| 9. a series of buckets that move in a continuous chain, used to dredge riverbeds, ponds to excavate land | i placer deposit |
| 10. a method of mining, in which the waste and ore are completely removed from the sides and bottom of a pit which gradually becomes enormous canyon-like hole | j. to blast |
| 11. a wheel with teeth around the outer edge that fit into the holes in a chain | k. bucket-ladder |
| 12. to blow up or break apart something solid with explosives | l. open pit mining |
| 13. an accumulation of valuable minerals formed by gravity separation from a specific source rock during sedimentary processes | m. to extract |
| 14. to take something out or put it out | n. a sprocket |
| 15. Dredging is the process of | o. a big-hole (or a pit) in the ground. |
| 16. High wall mining is | p. mining materials from the bottom of water, including rivers, lakes and oceans. |
| 17. Dredging systems are classified as | q. created by blasting with explosives and drilling. |
| 18. The bucket ladder consists of | r. mechanical or hydraulic depending on the method of material transport. |
| 19. Open pit mining is | s. single hull supporting an excavating and lifting mechanism. |
| 20. The excavation equipment consists of | t. a combination of surface mining techniques and sub-surface techniques. |
| 21. The chain of buckets passes | u. an endless chain of open buckets that travel around a truss or a ladder. |
| 22. The filled buckets supported by rollers are pulled up | v. either pure suction with hydro-jet assistance or entirely hydro-jet. |
| 23. The pit in an open-pit mine is | w. the upper end of ladder at a drive sprocket and loops downward to an idler sprocket at the bottom. |
| 24. In pure hydraulic dredging systems the digging and lifting force is | x. the ladder and dump their load into the hopper. |
Keys
Task 1
1b. 2.a 3.c. 4b. 5a. 6b. 7c. 8b. 9c. 10 a.
Task 2
1e. 2c. 3a. 4b. 5d. 6g. 7o. 8j. 9h. 10 I. 11 k. 12 l. 13f. 14m.15p. 16n.
Task 3
1c. 2h. 3b. 4d. 5a. 6e. 7g. 8I 9j. 10 f.
Task 4
1. techniques used in production and processing rocks
drilling
haulage
blasting
mineral processing
loading
comminution
crushing
grinding
conveyance
2. devices used in the process of dredging
idler sprockets
roller
treatment plant
hopper
the bucket ladder
drive sprocket
clam shell dredge
bucket-line dredge
dredge
3. equipment used in the process of comminution, crushing, grinding
jaw crushers
grinding mill
autogenous\semi-autogenuos mills
cone crushers
Task 5
1b. 2c. 3a. 4b.5a. 6c. 7b. 8c. 9a.
Task 6
1.nature
2. hard rock overburden
3. explosives
4. haul trucks
5. hydraulic shovels
6. cable shovels
7. haul trucks
8. left lane traffic
9. to allow
10. powder
11. mill feed
12. jaw crushers
13. autogenous mill
14. the roll crushers
Task 7
1g. 2c. 3a. 4j. 5b. 6 d,h 7i. 8f. 9e.
Task 8
1.c 2g 3e. 4f. 5A 6d 7h 8b 9k 10. l 11n 12j. 13I 14m. 15 p. 16t. 17r. 18u. 19o. 20s. 21W 22x 23q 24v.