Why does (did, will) the vessel have to anchor here?
Because her engine is (was) out of order.
1. We shall have to seek for shelter because the weather is too bad. 2. They will have to take soundings because the depths there are very irregular. 3. The captain had to reduce speed because there was heavy traffic there. 4. He has to alter the course to starboard because the other ship is overtaking us. 5. They had to make fast to the buoy because the current was very strong.
III. Listen to the short dialogues, repeat each sentence during the pauses and team the dialogues by heart:
"Is there much shipping in these waters?"
"Yes, there is rather a heavy traffic all the year round." "So one has to be very careful here, hasn't he?"
"Yes, that's right, one has to."
***
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"What's the look-out reporting?"
"He says there is some object dead ahead of us." "Then we'll have to slow down."
IV. Listen to each of the long dialogues again and retell briefly their contents from the point of view of: (a) one speaker, (b) the other speaker, (c) an onlooker.
Make your partner ask you about some details which you missed.
V. Write the dictation:
In narrow channels vessels should proceed with great care and caution. As a rule, speed is also reduced. In some places soundings are taken from time to time to avoid running aground.
Sailing in congested waters is rather dangerous. In the areas of intensive traffic ships may sometimes collide with each other or cause some damage. To minimize the risk of such accidents, the area of some channels has been recently divided into separate lanes. Along each of these lanes ships may proceed only in one fixed direction. Shore-based Radar stations in these areas help the ships to navigate safely.
To provide for safe navigation in different conditions of sailing special International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea have been introduced. In narrow channels all the ships shall adhere to Rule 9 of these Regulations.
This rule prescribes to all vessels: (a) to keep to the outer limit of the fairway which lies on the ship's starboard side; (b) and (c) — not to impede free passage of other vessels; (d) — not to cross the fairway when these actions may impede the passage of other vessels; (e) — not to overtake other vessels unless they agree to such overtaking. Such an agreement shall be confirmed by sounding appropriate signals. In all the cases an overtaking vessel shall keep clear of the overtaken vessel.
A special system of light and sound signals has been established by these
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Regulations. These signals shall be used by vessels in different conditions of sailing.