Read and study the information about the History of hair.
A Short History of Hair
Over thousands of years some very odd things have been done to hair. Here are some of them.
It's strange to think of tough soldiers having their hair curled, but that's what the Persians did over 2000 years ago. The curls were made by twisting the hair round hot rods. Their thick beards and moustaches were curled too.
In about 1150, during the Norman period, women grew hair as long as they could. They spent hours having their hair done in plaits. They wrapped their hair in ribbons and stuffed the ends into metal cases.
In the seventeenth century men and women wore wigs. Wigs could be made from animal hair, someone else's hair or even one's own hair. By 1780, women's wigs had become enormous. They were padded out with pillows, decorated with feathers, ribbons and jewels. It took so long to have the wigs styled that they were worn for a month, and women had a scratching stick to use when they itched beneath the wig.
In the 1940s a blond film star called Veronica Lake started a craze for wearing
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long hair hanging over one eye. This caused trouble in factories where thousands of women were working for the first time. Women would catch their hair in the machines.
Nowadays people prefer to have different hairstyles. They usually choose if this or that hairstyle suits them. Men and women both have long and short hair.
There are some young people who have incredible hairstyles. They are punks. Today they are part of London's tourist scene.
In American English the word punk is often used to describe someone who is immoral and worthless. In Britain the word was borrowed to describe a new group of people who first appeared in the early 1970s. They were mixture of art students, hippies and followers of fashion who rejected conventional styles of dress. They were fans of loud, fast and violent tuneless music, which tried to shock with violent lyrics, and their hair and clothing did the same.
In the days before hair gel they used everything to make their hair stiff. Sugar, toothpaste, washing-up liquid, butter, oil, glue were all used. The clothes were also "DIY" and punks spent hours tearing their jeans and jackets and creating the punk look with safety pins, studs, paper clips and everything they could find.
By 1977 punk music was at the top of the hit parade and the punk "look" was high fashion. Fashion designer Zandra Rhodes produced a collection of clothing based on the punk look, and you could have your hair done in punk styles in hairdressers all over Britain.
Today's haircuts are far more exaggerated and colourful than anything that existed during the early punk era. These haircuts have been created for American cameras, and punk rockers are one of the few youth movements to have sold themselves in this way. The original violent movement, which changed the way many people looked.
Vocabulary:
| tough — грубый to curl — завивать Persians — персы to twist — накручивать rod — прут, стержень beard — борода moustaches — усы plait — коса to wrap — заворачивать ribbon — лента to stuff— засовывать metal case — металлическая коробка wig — парик enormous — огромный to pad out — прокладывать, подбивать pillow — подушечка feather — перо jewels — драгоценности scratching stick — палочка для почесывания to itch — чесаться beneath — ниже craze — повальное увлечение, мода to cause trouble — причинять вред incredible — невероятный, потрясающий to catch — ловить, вытаскивать | to describe — описывать immoral — аморальный worthless — бесполезный to borrow — заимствовать mixture — смесь to reject — отвергать, отказываться conventional — общепринятый 27 fan — фанат tuneless — без мелодии violent — неистовый, яростный to style — вводить в моду, конструировать по модели gel — гель glue — клей liquid — жидкость DIY (Do it yourself) — сделай сам to tear — рвать safety pin — безопасная булавка stud — запонка, кнопка clip — скрепка, зажим exaggerated — преувеличенный rocker — рокер to exist — существовать to sell — продавать era — эра, время original — первоначальный |
Questions:
1. What hairstyle did soldiers in Persia have?
2. What do you know about women's hairstyle in 1150?
3. What did men and women wear in the seventeenth century?
4. What were the wigs made from?
5. What is the hairstyle nowadays?
6. What hairstyle do you prefer? Why?
7. What do you know about punks
8. What does the word punk mean?
9. How did punks appear?
10. Why are punks part of London's tourist scene? and felt, is a thing of the past.
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Task 1.
Describe a person whose appearance you like. You should say
- who this person is
- what their relationship is to you
- what they look like
and say what it is about their appearance you like.
Monique: OK … I’d like to talk about my aunt … her name’s Marta and she’s quite a character … she’s middle-aged but has a very youthful appearance … she’s a little overweight I suppose but not too much … she has a friendly round face framed by thick blonde hair … she has a lovely complexion and she’s always well-turned out … she actually always looks like she’s going out for the evening to somewhere special … there’s never a hair out of place … I’ve always thought she bears a striking resemblance to someone on TV … I can’t remember the name now … she wears glasses and always seems to have a different pair on every time I see her … I like the way she looks because she wears clothes that are right for her age and manages to look glamorous without it looking like she’s too done up … yes … I’ll be happy if I look like her when I’m her age …
*Comment on the statements:
Appearance is deceptive.
Character is prosperity.
Eyes are the index of the face.
Task 2.
What do you think?
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Answer the following questions:
How would you describe yourself?
What does your best friend look like?
Do people worry too much about their appearance as they get older?
Task3.
Read the text.
Translate it from English into Russian.
Express your opinion on the text.
Appearance:
People who can't hear often learn to understand a spoken language with their eyes. They watch the mouth of the person talking and follow the movement of his lips. This is called lip-reading. Some people think the distance between your hair and your eyebrow is a sign of how intelligent you are. The bigger your forehead is, the more intelligent you are supposed to be. Nowadays, a person who doesn't like his or her nose can have it changed with plastic surgery. Plastic surgeons can change your face in many other ways too. They can make your cheeks a little rounder. If you don't like your chin, a plastic surgeon can break your jaw and remake the whole lower half of your face. If you think your skin looks too old and wrinkled, he can take: the wrinkles away and make you look twenty years younger. Women often disagree about men having beards and moustache. But some women think that hair on a man's chin makes him look more attractive. Usually, only women wear make-up. They are lucky. They can put a little black mascara on their eyelashes and some eye shadow on their eyelids, to look fresh and attractive, even when they are really tired.Конец формы
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Тема 3
Colors.
Цвета .
…..In our life as in the painter’s palette, there exists only one color which brings the essence to life and art, it’s the color of love.
M . Chagall
…В нашей жизни, как и в палитре художника существует только один цвет, который придает смысл жизни и искусству, и это цвет любви.
М . Шагал
Some useful words and phrases to remember:
Слова и выражения на запоминание:
Amber - Янтарный
Aqua - Морская волна
Aquamarine - Аквамарин
Azure - Лазурный
Beige - Бежевый
Black - Чёрный
Blue - Голубой
Bronze - Бронзовый
Brown - Коричневый
Chocolate - Шоколадный
Copper - Медный
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Crimson - Малиновый
Emerald - Изумрудный
Gold, Golden - Золотой
Green - Зеленый
Grey, Gray - Серый
Indigo - Индиго
Khaki - Хаки
Lemon - Лимонный
Light green - Салатовый
Lilac - Сиреневый
Mazarine - Темно-синий
Olive - Оливковый
Orange - Оранжевый
Peach - Персиковый
Pink - Розовый
Purple, Magenta - Пурпурный
Red - Красный
Sand - Песочный
Scarlet - Алый
Sienna - Охра
Silver, Silvery - Серебряный
Snow-white - Белоснежный
Turquoise - Бирюзовый
Violet, Purple - Фиолетовый
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White - Белый
Yellow – Желтый
Grammar study
Personal and Possessive pronounces.