2. Two farmers will not obtain good yield unless they irrigate the area.
3. If the weather were not so rainy, we should begin planting today.
4. One should know characteristics of the varieties used.
5. You would get better results in plant improvements, if you used the latest achievements of genetics.
LESSON 7.1. SEEDS AND SEEDING.
Grammar activities
1. From these words, select adjectives and participles with negative prefixes and suffixes and give them Russian equivalents.
unimportant, improper, useless, unimproved, unpopular, hardiness, uniform, impossible, internode, uninherited, careless, include, inactive, underground, undesirable, fruitless, unfavourable, undeveloped.
2. Translate the sentences containing Conditional clauses.
а)
1. If we grow legumes, the soil fertility will be higher.
2. Corn will grow better if there is much nitrogen in the soil.
3. If the seed is of high quality, we shall obtain a higher yield.
b)
1. If we grew legumes, the soil fertility would be higher.
2. Corn would grow better if there were more nitrogen in the soil.
3. If the seed had been of good quality, we should have obtained a higher yield.
3. Identify participles in the following sentences and determine their function. Translate the sentences.
а)
1. Using the new method of harvesting, they obtained higher yield of sugar beets.
2. The collective farms using the new method of harvesting obtain higher yield of sugar beets.
3. Our collective farm is harvesting sugar beets now.
4. The growing period of barley is shorter than that of other cereals, this crop producing good yield when it is sown in late May.
5. Rye being drought-resistant, any soil can be used for this crop.
b)
1. Most wheat varieties cultivated produce high yields of good quality grain.
2. Wheat varieties cultivated in our country have been developed by our plant breeders.
3. Two wheat varieties are cultivated on the farm "Zarya".
с)
1. Having stored up nutrients in the first season, root crops are able to grow and produce seed in the second season.
2. Being anchored by roots, plants can withstand the adverse effects of rain and wind.
3. Having been sown in a well-prepared soil, wheat developed well and produced high-quality seed.
4. All farm crops have certain desirable characteristics, the highest yields being obtained from those best adapted to the conditions of growing.
5. Soil fertility having been increased, the farmer could obtain a higher yield of potatoes.
4. Find the –ing forms in the following sentences, which correspond to Russian nouns. Translate these sentences.
1. Conducting water and plant nutrients is the main function of the stem.
2. Conducting water and plant nutrients, the stem performs a very important function for the life of a plant.
3. Improving crop plants was done in the past by selecting superior types.
4. Improving farm crops, plant breeders use three general methods.
5. The yield of potatoes was reduced due to our having planted tubers into too cold soil.
6. Corn requiring much nitrogen, the soil should be well supplied with this element.
5. Find the following in text A:
1. participles (explain their function);
2. the –ing forms, which correspond to Russian nouns;
3. conditional clauses that are translated into Russian using the particle « бы » (paragraphs 4 and 6).
Vocabulary Focus
| Handwrite the words and word combinations related to text A and give their Russian equivalents. Check them in the agronomy and soil science dictionaries. |
fine (seed), coarse (seed), mature, immature, stand, uniform, vigorous, poor, germinating power, seedbed, firm, moist, warm, moisture, proper, rate, surface, frost, deep, depth, weed, to apply, to reduce, to clean, if, unless, provided, should, because, because of, before, after, germination.
6. Read aloud and translate text A.