36. Decide which answer a, b or c best fits each space.
1. All last year’s reports __________ technogenic impact on the environment.
a. concerned b. have concerned c. concern
2. Three centuries ago, there __________ any concerns about reducing industrial atmospheric emissions.
a. weren’t b. haven’t been c. hasn’t been
3. So far the new energy resources development __________ in the centre of attention.
a. is b. has been c. was
4. These days preventing the erosion of the fertile soil layer __________ an urgent problem.
a. has become b. became c. have become
5. This country __________ to use new rational technologies of extracting mineral resources lately.
a. has begun b. has began c. began.
6. Yesterday the students __________ the films about how to avoid air pollution.
a. watched b. have watched c. watch
7. Environmental education __________ to organize efforts to teach how natural environments function.
a. always tried b. has always tried c. were always try
8. In recent years UNESCO __________ the role of environmental education in improving the quality of life through the protection of the environment.
a. emphasized b. has emphasized c. have emphasized
9. They __________ aquariums, zoos, parks, and nature centers over the past years for teaching the public about the environment.
a. built b. have built c. build
10. In the previous century the scientists __________ a lot of research on how to save endangered plants and animals from extinction
a. carried out b. have carried out c. has carried out
37. Open the brackets using either Past Simple or Present Perfect.
1. Many changes in climate in the 20th century (be) unprecedented. 2. The largest human influence on the environment over the past years (be) the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. 3. Some time ago greenhouse gas emissions also (cause) Ocean acidification (закисление). 4. Today, the health-saving technologies and human ecology (become) of great importance. 5. There (be) a number of environmental conferences in the last years. 6. As discussed above, environmental mega conferences already (have) a wide range of participants. 7. Last year the situation (improve) as more people (get) involved in the decision-making process. 8. In the 20th century there (appear) a need to enforce corporate responsibility in environmental matters. 9. There are criticisms from smaller groups remaining outside the formal decision-making process. Despite this, the numbers of participants in environmental conferences (increase) in the last years. 10. In its last assembly resolution The United Nations Organization (state) that environmental education (be) vital in enhancing public environmental awareness.