The Complex Object
| Verb | Complex Object | Translation |
| mental activity: to know, to think, to consider, to find, to expect, to suppose wish, likes and dislikes: to want, to like, to hate | We know engineers to use to be using to have used nanocrystals in order to make the engine parts more durable. We know nanocrystals to be used to have been used in order to make the engine parts more durable. The developers of the engine would like the engineers to use nanocrystals in order to make the engine parts more durable. The developers of the engine would like nanocrystals to be used in order to make the engine parts more durable. | … что инженеры используют … … использовали … … что нанокристаллы используются … использовались … … чтобы инженеры использовали … … чтобы нанокристаллы использовались … |
Окончание таблицы
| Verb | Complex Object | Translation |
| order and permission: to order, to ask (for), to offer, to tell, to allow, to enable, to encourage, to forbid NB: to let, to make sense perception: to see, to hear, to watch, to observe | The developers of the engine asked the engineers to use nanocrystals in order to make the engine parts more durable. The developers of the engine asked for nanocrystals to be used in order to make the engine parts more durable. The researchers made the metal particles form into nanocrystals. The researchers saw the metal particles form into nanocrystals. forming into nanocrystals. The researchers saw the nanocrystals formed. | … инженеров использовать … чтобы нанокристаллы были использованы … … чтобы частицы металла сформировали … … что частицы металла формируют … … как частицы металла формируют … … как формируются нанокристаллы |
7.15. Fill in the blanks with the particle to where necessary.
1. Using this electronic microscope we can see carbon atoms _____ roll into nanotubes.
2. The researchers wanted the nanomaterial _____ assemble itself but they couldn’t make it _____ do that.
3. Engineers found nanogranules _____ be extremely efficient in batteries.
4. The students asked the lecturer _____ explain the mechanisms of using nanotechnology for drug delivery.
5. Visit http://www.news.cornell.edu/releases/Nov03/NEMSguitar.ws.html, and you’ll hear a nanoguitar _____ sound.
7.16. Replace the following complex sentences or groups of sentences with simple sentences with the Complex Object.
Model: Scientists found that materials displayed special properties at the nanoscale.
Scientists found materials to display special properties at the nanoscale.
1. People used nanoscale-based processes as far back as the Middle Ages. We know about it.
2. Many researchers consider that the process of obtaining nanocrystals is very slow and complicated.
3. It would be really exciting to watch how atoms assemble themselves into nanostructures.
4. Students cannot experiment with nanotubes. The head of the laboratory has forbidden it.
5. No one had expected that the developments of nanotechnology would be used in such everyday products as sunscreens.
6. The nanostructures are self-replicating. I would like to see it.
7.17. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. Give several variants where possible.
1. The Organizing Committee of the conference _____ me to make a speech on the bottom-up approach in nanotechnology.
2. The designers _____ the engineers to use composite nanomaterials for the parts of the new engine.
3. I have never _____ a nanomotor operate.
4. No one had _____ scientists to make such a breakthrough in the sphere of nanotechnology.
5. The scientific supervisor _____ the research student to obtain nanocrystals of steel.
6. You can’t _____ atoms bond together to form nanostructures if the temperature is too high.
7.18. Translate into English.
1. Современные электронные микроскопы позволяют увидеть, как атомы углерода соединяются между собой и образуют нанотрубки.
2. Студенты внимательно слушали, как лектор рассказывал о методах получения новых материалов с использованием нанотехнологий.
3. Ученые ожидают, что с развитием нанотехнологий произойдет прорыв в таких областях, как медицина, компьютерная техника, материаловедение, защита окружающей среды, а также в повседневной жизни.
4. Нам нужно, чтобы оборудование установили как можно скорее, так как без него мы не можем начать эксперименты с нанокристаллами.
5. Использование нанотехнологий позволит инженерам сделать де-тали машин более легкими и прочными и уменьшить их размеры.
6. Ученые пытаются не только собирать функциональные блоки на молекулярном уровне, но и сделать так, чтобы они воспроизводили себя сами, чем можно достичь чрезвычайно высокой эффективности.
7.19. You have probably heard of nanowires, but what about a nanoguitar? Find out more at http://www.nanotech-now.com. Prepare a short presentation of a nanoobject such as nanotube, nanobalance, etc. Your presentation should include information about the following:
1. The structure of the object.
2. How such an object may be obtained.
3. The properties of the object.
4. The uses of the object.
5. The possible future impact of the object.
Unit 8
Robotics
Vocabulary
1. boring (adj) [´bé:rıŋ] скучный
bored (adj) [´bé:d] скучающий
2. capable (adj) [´keıpәbl] способный, умелый
capability (n) [‚keıpә´bılıti] способность;
производительность
3. count on sb/sth (v) рассчитывать на, планировать
4. creature (n) [´kri:t∫ә] создание, существо
5. dangerous (adj) [´deındžәrәs] опасный
6. defuse (v) [di:´fju:z] снимать взрыватель (с бомбы)
7. event (n) [ı´vent] событие
8. explore (v) [ık´splé:] исследовать
9. human (n, adj) [´hju:mәn] человек; человеческий
10. insert (v) [ın´sî:t] вставлять, помещать
11. integrated circuit (n) [´ıntı‚greıtıd ´sîkit] интегральная схема
12. load (n, v) [lә|d] груз; грузить
13. maintain (v) [meın´teın] обслуживать,
содержать в исправности
14. pallet (n) [´pælәt] плита (конвейера)
15. perform (v) [pә´fé:m] делать, выполнять
16. pick up (v) поднимать, подбирать
17. precise (adj) [prı´saız] точный
18. pull (v) [p|l] тянуть, тащить
19. reach (v) достигать, доходить
20. reliable (adj) [rı´laıәbl] надежный
21. repetitive (v) [rı´petıtıv] повторяющийся
22. salary (n) [´sælәrı] зарплата
23. semiconductor (n) [‚semıkәn´dšktә] полупроводник
24. soccer (n) [´sãkә] футбол
25. solder (v) [´sãldә] паять, припаивать
26. supervise (v) [´su:pә‚vaız] наблюдать, надзирать
27. surroundings (n) [sә´ra|ndıŋz] окрестности, окружение
28. tiny (adj) [´taıni] очень маленький, крошечный
29. tired (adj) [´taıәd] уставший
30. weld (v) [weld] сваривать(ся)
8.1. Read the words and guess their meaning.
| robot [´rә|‚bãt] volcano [vãl´keınә|] humanoid [´hju:mә‚néıd] intelligent [ın´telıdžәnt] design [dı´zaın] imitate [´ımı‚teıt] manipulate [mә´nıpj|‚leıt] qualify [´kwãlıfaı] | automated [´é:tә‚meıtıd] automaton [é:´tãmәtәn] radioactive [‚reıdıә|´æktıv] coordinate [kә|´é:dı‚neıt] autonomous [é:´tãnәmәs] mobile [´mә|baıl] android [´ændréıd] cyborg [´saı‚bé:g] |
8.2. Match the words with similar meaning.
| 1. autonomous 2. capable 3. clever 4. creature 5. environment 6. to maintain 7. to perform 8. precise | a) able b) being c) to carry out d) exact e) independent f) intelligent g) to look after h) surroundings |
8.3. Make up all possible word combinations. Make sentences with the combinations.
| 1. common 2. dangerous 3. to defuse 4. to explore 5. hard 6. intelligent 7. to make 8. to manipulate 9. precise 10. simple | a) a bomb b) creature c) definition d) job e) machine f) a mistake g) objects h) space i) task j) work |
8.4. Read the text and choose the correct ending for the sentences below.