Can intellectual disability be prevented?
Certain causes of intellectual disability are preventable. The most common of these is fetal alcohol syndrome. Pregnant women shouldn’t drink alcohol. Getting proper prenatal care, taking a prenatal vitamin, and getting vaccinated against certain infectious diseases can also lower the risk that your child will be born with intellectual disabilities.
In families with a history of genetic disorders, genetic testing may be recommended before conception.
Certain tests, such as ultrasound and amniocentesis, can also be performed during pregnancy to look for problems associated with intellectual disability. Although these tests may identify problems before birth, they cannot correct them.
How is intellectual disability diagnosed?
Intellectual disability may be suspected for many different reasons. If a baby has physical abnormalities that suggest a genetic or metabolic disorder, a variety of tests may be done to confirm the diagnosis. These include blood tests, urine tests, imaging tests to look for structural problems in the brain, or electroencephalogram (EEG) to look for evidence of seizures.
In children with developmental delays, the doctor will perform tests to rule out other problems, including hearing problems and certain neurological disorders. If no other cause can be found for the delays, the child will be referred for formal testing.
Three things factor into the diagnosis of intellectual disability: interviews with the parents, observation of the child, and testing of intelligence and adaptive behaviors. A child is considered intellectually disabled if he or she has deficits in both IQ and adaptive behaviors. If only one or the other is present, the child is not considered intellectually disabled.
After a diagnosis of intellectual disability is made, a team of professionals will assess the child’s particular strengths and weaknesses. This helps them determine how much and what kind of support the child will need to succeed at home, in school, and in the community.
What services are available for people with intellectual disability?
For babies and toddlers, early intervention programs are available. A team of professionals works with parents to write an Individualized Family Service Plan, or IFSP. This document outlines the child’s specific needs and what services will help the child thrive. Early intervention may include speech therapy, occupational therapy, physical therapy, family counseling, training with special assistive devices, or nutrition services.
School-age children with intellectual disabilities (including preschoolers) are eligible for special education for free through the public school system. This is mandated by the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Parents and educators work together to create an Individualized Education Program, or IEP, which outlines the child’s needs and the services the child will receive at school. The point of special education is to make adaptations, accommodations, and modifications that allow a child with an intellectual disability to succeed in the classroom.
What can I do to help my intellectually disabled child?
Steps to help your intellectually disabled child include:
- Learn everything you can about intellectual disabilities. The more you know, the better advocate you can be for your child.
- Encourage your child’s independence. Let your child try new things and encourage your child to do things by himself or herself. Provide guidance when it’s needed and give positive feedback when your child does something well or masters something new.
- Get your child involved in group activities. Taking an art class or participating in Scouts will help your child build social skills.
- Stay involved. By keeping in touch with your child’s teachers, you’ll be able to follow his or her progress and reinforce what your child is learning at school through practice at home.
- Get to know other parents of intellectually disabled children. They can be a great source of advice and emotional support.
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Kodaeva Marieta Tamazovna is a Kostanay State Pedagogical University student. She was born on September 21, 2001, in the village of Ruzayevka. In 2006, she began her studies at Kalinovskaya secondary school, where she studied for 11 years. Since childhood, she was an active, kind and responsive girl, took an active part in the life of the school. After graduating from school with a blue diploma, she entered the university, where she decided to give her life to the profession of a teacher, since she loved children since childhood. She likes to help people, as well as sick children. Her favorite pastime is manicure. She likes to make artwork out of nails.
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| INVITATION TO MY BIRTHDAY Hi, if you received this letter, then most likely you are invited to my birthday, which will be held on September 21 at 157 Gagarin Street, apartment 51. I will be glad to see you in our company and I think that you are not averse to having fun. |
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EUROPEAN FORMAT FOR THE CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name/ Тегі, аты-жөні/ Фамилия, имя
Kodaeva Marieta Tamazovna
Address/ Мекенжайы / адрес.
Kostanay city, Gagarin street 157, apartment 51
E-mail/эл.почта, телефон/ эл.пошта, телефон
Homeworker@gmail.com +7777777777
Goal/ Мақсаты/Соискатель на должность/
Student of Kostanay State Pedagogical University named of U. Sultangazin
Native language/Ана тілі/ Родной язык
Russian language
Foreign languages/Шет тілдері /Иностранные языки
English language