National and international exhibitions
The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations or The Great Exhibition, sometimes referred to as the Crystal Palace Exhibition in reference to the temporary structure in which it was held, was an international exhibition that took place in Hyde Park, London, from 1 May to 15 October 1851. It was the first in a series of World's Fairs, exhibitions of culture and industry that became popular in the 19th century, and it was a much anticipated event. The Great Exhibition was organized by Henry Cole and Prince Albert, husband of the reigning monarch, Queen Victoria. It was attended by famous people of the time, including Charles Darwin, Samuel Colt, members of the Orléanist Royal Family and the writers Charlotte Brontë, Charles Dickens, Lewis Carroll, George Eliot and Alfred Tennyson. Music for the opening was under the direction of Sir George Thomas Smart and the continuous music from the exhibited organs for the Queen's procession was "under the superintendence of William Sterndale Bennett".
Very many national and international specialized exhibitions are held every year in different countries of our world. From year to year the number of companies and countries participating in such exhibitions is growing. The scope of exhibitions is also getting larger.
The present exhibitions include a wide range of showpieces showing the important achievements in different fields of science, industry and agriculture of different countries.
These exhibitions are usually crowded with different visitors with their different interests and demands. The participants of these exhibitions can negotiate with their customers, sale their goods and purchase the goods they need.
Usually fairs and exhibitions are crowded with visitors, who show much interest in the exhibits on display. At international and national exhibitions commercial centres are established where participants can negotiate the sale and the purchase of different goods.
Every exhibition helps visitors to see the achievements of different countries. A national or an international exhibition is a way to advertise the products of a company. Such exhibitions usually have their mottoes, for example: people and environment, economical cooperation, technical progress and so on. The international exhibitions fasten the friendship among different nations and countries.
The first world industrial exhibition was held in London in 1851 The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations. It was a great success. It displayed exhibits of participating nations and the number of visitors reached o six million.
Since then world industrial expositions have had colorful history. They have changed not only in size: scope, but also in character and overall purpose. Such eve provided opportunities for exchanging scientific, technology and cultural achievements of the people of Europe, America, Australia, Asia and Africa.
Beginning with the early 60s international expositions began to take new forms, trying to emphasize not 01 technological progress, but also other aspects of life. They became festivals of industry and culture.
Fairs and exhibitions provide an opportunity to establish profitable contacts and promote mutual understanding among different nations.
The first international exhibition in our country was he in Moscow in 1964.
Today Moscow is a regular meeting place of traders from different countries. The trade partners participating for many years in the international exhibitions which are held in Moscow and other cities of Russia appreciate the amicable atmosphere and business-like spirit of the commercial negotiations at these events.
3. Подберите англ.эквиваленты к русским словам и словосочетаниям, используя текст:
принимать участие в выставках и ярмарках; масштаб чего-либо; последние достижения в различных отраслях промышленности; участник; устраивать(вести переговоры);рекламировать продукцию; прокладывать путь к чему-либо. Международная промышленная выставка, количество посетителей, обеспечить возможности, научные и культурные достижения, установить (заключить) выгодные контракты, взаимопонимание, способствовать взаимопониманию.
4. Письменно ответьте на вопросы по содержанию текста:
1.What is an exhibition?
2.What does the display of the exhibition include?
3.What are fairs and exhibitions usually crowded with?
4.What are usually established for different goods selling and purchasing?
5.What is one of the purpose of the international fairs and exhibitions?
6. Why do fairs and exhibitions improve international relation?
7.Why do business from all over the world like to participate in the fairs and exhibitions, which are held in our country?
8.Exhibitions provide opportunities for exchanging scientific, technological and cultural achievements of the people of different countries, do not they?
9.hat is the role of the Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Organizing exhibitions?
10.Why did Moscow always attract thousands of traders?
11.Today Moscow is a regular place of traders from different countries, is not it?
5. Прочитайте текст и переведите его устно: