Hydroelectric Power Plants
Hydroelectric power plants are built on rivers. Large-capacity hydroelectric power plants are commonly located at considerable distances from the consumers of electric power.
The production process at these plants is rather simple: the water flows into the hydroturbine runner, acts upon the runner blades and rotates the runner and the turbine shaft.
The generator shaft is connected to the turbine runner shaft. The difference in the water level influences the power capacity of a plant, i.e. the magnitude of the water head and the daily inflow of water fluctuates considerably according to the season.
The production process is different at power plants of different constructions and of different kinds. In atomic power plants, for example, it is not so simple as in hydroelectric plants.
5. Дополните предложения, используя правильный вариант:
| 1. Hydroelectric power plants are built | a) on rivers. b) on waterfalls. |
| 2. Large-capacity power plants are located | a) at a short distance from consumers of power. b) at a considerable distance from consumers of power. |
| 3. The production | a) is very complex. process at the plants b) is rather simple. |
| 4. The power capacity of a plant | a) remains constant. b) changes considerably. c) is influenced by the difference in the water level. |
| 5. The daily inflow of water | a) fluctuates according to the consumption. b) fluctuates according to the season. |
| 6. The production process | a) depends upon the construction of the plant. b) is the same at power plants of different constructions. |
6. Работа в парах. Задайте эти вопросы своему одногруппнику и попросите его ответить на них:
1. On what sites are hydroelectric power plants built?
2. Are large-capacity plants located far from consumers of power?
3. Is the production process at the plants simple or is it complex?
4. What influences the power capacity of a plant?
5. According to what factors does the daily inflow of water fluctuate?
6. Does the production process at the plant depend on its construction?
7. Do you know that a thermal power plant seldom has an efficiency more than 40%?
| 7. Запишите русские эквиваленты этих словосочетаний. a. auxiliary units | ______________________________ |
| steam generator | ______________________________ |
| heat exchanger | ______________________________ |
| fuel consumption | ______________________________ |
| b. water to be heated in the reactor | ______________________________ |
| water to be converted into steam | ______________________________ |
| steam to be fed into the turbogenerator | ______________________________ |
| c. the polluted atmosphere | ______________________________ |
| utilized nuclear fuel | ______________________________ |
| shielded concrete walls | ______________________________ |
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