Hydroelectric Power Plants
Hydroelectric power plants are built on rivers. Large-capacity hydroelectric power plants are commonly located at considerable distances from the consumers of electric power.
The production process at these plants is rather simple: the water flows into the hydroturbine runner, acts upon-the runner blades and rotates the runner and the turbine shaft.
The generator shaft is connected to the turbine runner shaft. The difference in the water level influences the power capacity of a plant, i. e. the magnitude of the water head and daily inflow of water fluctuates considerably according to the season.
The production process is different at power plants of different constructions and of different kinds. In atomic power plants, for example, it is not so simple as in hydroelectric plants.
Vocabulary
auxiliary- вспомогательный, добавочный
breaker- выключатель, прерыватель
busbar- собирательная шина
feeder- фидер
flexible- гибкий
to comprise- включать в себя
to distribute- распределять
as ... to- что касается
as well as- так же, как и
blade- лопасть
level- уровень
magnitude- величина
head- (зд .) верх, верхушка
plant-станция, завод
runner- ротор
shaft- привад, вал
to rotate- вращать(ся)
to influence- влиять
to fluctuate- колебаться
2. Выполните упражнения :
1) Завершите предложения, используя правильный вариант, переведите:
1. A substation serves a) to consume energy.
b) to distribute energy.
c) to convert energy.
2. A substation feeds consumers a) with various load characteristics.
b) with similar load characteristics.
3. The lines of power plants are a) to the busbars connected b) to the switchgear.
4. A substation comprises a) the main elements.
b) the main and auxiliary elements.
5. Flexible construction is a) an advantage.
b) a disadvantage.
2) Ответьте на вопросы:
1. What does a substation serve for?
2. What type of consumers does a substation feed?
3. What parts are the power transmission lines connected to?
4. What components does a substation comprise?
5. What types are substations classed into?
6. What are advantages of a transformer substation?
7. On what sites are hydroelectric power plants built?
8. Are large-capacity plants located far from consumers of power?
9. Is the production process at the plants simple or is it complex?
10. What influences the power capacity of a plant?
11. According to what factors does the daily inflow of water fluctuate?
12. Does the production process at the plant depend on its construction?
13. Do you know that a thermal power plant seldom has an efficiency more
than 40%?
3) Поставьте вопрос к предложению начиная с вопросительного слова, стоящего в скобках:
1) Hydroelectric power plants are built on rivers. (Where)
2) Large- capacity power plants at a short distance from consumers of power. (What)
3) The power capacity of a plant is influenced by the difference in the water level. (What by)
4) The daily inflow of water fluctuates according to the season. (How)
5) The production process depends upon the construction of the plant. (How)
3. Control text .