Peter, James, John, Matthew, Thomas…

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If the Old Testament is less known to the modern reader, the New Testament must be much more familiar. Try to answer the following questions about the Holy Book.

 

  1. What books are included in the New Testament?

Gospels, Apostle, Apocalypse

 

  1. Which Gospel starts with the famous words “In the beginning was the Word.”?

Gosper of John (John)

 

  1. What is another name of Apocalypse?

Book of Revelation

 

  1. Who brought the Good News to Mary (this episode has a special name in English – Annunciation)?

Archangel Gabriel

 

  1. In what place was Jesus born?

Bethlehem

 

  1. What guided the Wise Men (Magi) to Mary and her newborn Child?

A star (Christmas Star)

 

  1. What is the common name of the mass killing of babies in Galilee according to the order by Herod?

Massacre of the Innocents

 

  1. Why is John the Baptist called so?

Because of baptizing Christ

 

  1. What did Salome (Herod’s stepdaughter) ask as the reward for her dance?

John the Baptist’s head on a platter

 

  1. What is the name of the day Jesus entered Jerusalem?

Palm Sunday

 

  1. How many disciples did Jesus have?

Thirteen (with Judas)

 

  1. Name at least three of his disciples?

Peter, Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew Nathaniel, Matthew, Thomas, James the Less, Judas, Simon Zelotes, Judas Iscariot, Matthias

  1. What miracle did Jesus Christ perform at a wedding?

Turning water into wine

 

  1. Where was the wedding?

In the town of Cana

 

  1. What kind of miracle made Lazarus famous?

Raising from the dead

 

  1. Who were Martha and Mary? Which of them was more hard-working?

Martha and Mary are the sisters of Lazarus. Martha was more hard-working, as she welcomed Jesus to her home

 

  1. Whom did Jesus drive out of the Temple?

Traders

 

  1. When did Jesus set the main Christian ritual (Holy Communion)

At the Last Supper

 

  1. Where did he go after that?

To the Gethsemane Garden

 

  1. Who betrayed Jesus Christ?

Judas

 

  1. What did he get for his betrayal?

Thirty pieces of silver

 

  1. Who was the governor of the Jews at that time?

Pontius Pilate

 

  1. How did he show his disagreement with the crowd?

He washed his hands

 

  1. Who was spared instead of Jesus?

Barrabas

 

  1. What was the name of the place Jesus was crucified at?

Calvary

 

  1. What happened on the third day after the crucifixion?

Resurrection

 

  1. Which apostle became the founder and the leader of early Christian church?

Peter

 

  1. Which apostle is known as “the doubting apostle”?

Thomas

 

  1. Which apostle had first been one of the persecutors of early Christians?

Paul

 

  1. When did he change his mind?

On the road to Damascus

 

If you had difficulties answering the questions, here are the answers, arranged alphabetically. What are the Russian equivalents of the names and events from the New Testament:

 

Archangel Gabriel Архангел Гавриил;

A star Рождественская звезда;

At the Last Supper Тайная вечеря;

Barrabas Варавва;

Because of baptizing Christ Из-за крещения Христа;

Bethlehem Вифлеем;

Book of Revelation Откровение Иоанна Богослова (Апокалипсис);

Calvary Голгофа;

Gospel of John (John) Евангелие от Иоанна;

Gospels, Apostle, Apocalypse Евангелие, Апостол, Апокалипсис;

He washed his hands Он умыл руки (снять с себя ответственность);

In the town of Cana В городе Кана;

John the Baptist’s head on a platter Голова Иоанна Крестителя на блюде;

Judas Иуда;

Lazarus’ sisters. Martha Сестры Лазаря. Марта;

Massacre of the Innocents Избиение младенцев;

On the road to Damascus По дороге в Дамаск;

Palm Sunday Вербное воскресенье;

Paul Павел;

Peter Пётр;

Peter, James, John, Matthew, Thomas…

Pontius Pilate Понтий Пилат;

Raising from the dead Воскрешение из мертвых;

Resurrection Воскрешение;

Thirteen ( with Judas) Тринадцать (с Иудой);

Thirty pieces of silver Тридцать сребреников;

Thomas Фома;

To the Gethsemane Garden В Гефсиманский сад;

Turning water into wine Превращение воды в вино;

Traders Торговцы

There are fragments of Old and New Testament that are very often quoted by English-speaking people, especially Americans. Let us read the most important of them. These are the Ten Commandments from the OT and the Sermon on the Mount and Lord’s Prayer from the NT.

 

Ten Commandments

Exodus 20

 

  And God spake all these words, saying,
2 I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
3 Thou shalt have no other gods before me.
4 Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth:
5 thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: · for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;
6 and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.
7 Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain: for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.
8 Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
9 Six days shalt thou labor, and do all thy work:
10 but the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:
11 for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.
12 Honor thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
13 Thou shalt not kill.
14 Thou shalt not commit adultery.
15 Thou shalt not steal.
16 Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.
17 Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbor's. (King James Bible)

 

Sermon on the Mount

Matthew 5
1 And seeing the multitudes, he went up into a mountain: and when he was set, his disciples came unto him:
2 and he opened his mouth, and taught them, saying,

 

 
3 Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted.
5 Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth.
6 Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness: for they shall be filled.
7 Blessed are the merciful: for they shall obtain mercy.
8 Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see God.
9 Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God.
10 Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness' sake: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
11 Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil against you falsely, for my sake.
12 Rejoice, and be exceeding glad: for great is your reward in heaven: for so persecuted they the prophets which were before you.

 
13 Ye are the salt of the earth ( соль земли ): but if the salt have lost his savor, wherewith shall it be salted? it is thenceforth good for nothing, but to be cast out, and to be trodden under foot of men.

 
14 Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on a hill cannot be hid ( не может укрыться город , стоящий на верху горы ).
15 Neither do men light a candle, and put it under a bushel, but on a candlestick; and it giveth light unto all that are in the house.
16 Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven.

 
17 Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil.
18 For verily I say unto you, Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled.
19 Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven: but whosoever shall do and teach them, the same shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven.
20 For I say unto you, That except your righteousness shall exceed the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, ye shall in no case enter into the kingdom of heaven.

 

 
21 Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not kill; and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the judgment:
22 but I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire ( геена огненная ).
23 Therefore if thou bring thy gift to the altar, and there rememberest that thy brother hath aught against thee;
24 leave there thy gift before the altar, and go thy way; first be reconciled to thy brother, and then come and offer thy gift.
25 Agree with thine adversary quickly, while thou art in the way with him; lest at any time the adversary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cast into prison.
26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing.

 
27 Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not commit adultery:
28 but I say unto you, That whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his heart.
29 And if thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell.
30 And if thy right hand offend thee, cut it off, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell.

 
31 It hath been said, Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement:
32 but I say unto you, That whosoever shall put away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, causeth her to commit adultery: and whosoever shall marry her that is divorced committeth adultery.

 
33 Again, ye have heard that it hath been said by them of old time, Thou shalt not forswear thyself, but shalt perform unto the Lord thine oaths:
34 but I say unto you, Swear not at all; neither by heaven; for it is God's throne:
35 nor by the earth; for it is his footstool: neither by Jerusalem; for it is the city of the great King.
36 Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, because thou canst not make one hair white or black.
37 But let your communication be, Yea, yea; Nay, nay: for whatsoever is more than these cometh of evil.

 

 
38 Ye have heard that it hath been said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth ( око за око , зуб за зуб ):
39 but I say unto you, That ye resist not evil: but whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also ( кто удариттебя в правующеку твою , обрати к нему и другую ).
40 And if any man will sue thee at the law, and take away thy coat, let him have thy cloak also.
41 And whosoever shall compel thee to go a mile, go with him twain.
42 Give to him that asketh thee, and from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou away.
43 Ye have heard that it hath been said, Thou shalt love thy neighbor, and hate thine enemy (возлюби ближнего твоего и возненавидь врага твоего).
44 But I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you;
45 that ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust.
46 For if ye love them which love you, what reward have ye? do not even the publicans the same?
47 And if ye salute your brethren only, what do ye more than others? do not even the publicans so?

 

Lord’s Prayer

Matthew 6:9-12

  1. Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name
  2. Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.
  3. Give us this day our daily bread ( хлеб насущный )
  4. And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.
  5. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. For Thine is the kingdom and the power, and the glory for ever.

Amen

 

As you have probably noticed the texts above are the source of numerous sayings and proverbs. Can you find them and translate them into Russian? Do you know any other expressions which originate from the Bible?

 

Word Focus: “To sift the wheat from the chaff” (Bible phrases in English)

Many phrases and sayings we use every day both in Russian and in English originate from the Bible. We are going to learn some of them and to find out why they were said.

 

A. Search through the grid and find the equivalents of Russian sayings below:

 

 

A C R O S S T O B E A R A T W O E D G E D S W O R
D B I T E T H E D U S T A S Y O U S O W S O S H A
L L Y O U R E A P T H E W R I T I N G I S O N T H
E W A L L A V O I C E C R Y I N G I N T H E W I L
D E R N E S S T H E S A L T O F T H E E A R T H A
M I M Y B R O T H E R S K E E P E R F O R B I D D
E N F R U I T G O T H E E X T R A M I L E T H E L
O V E O F M O N E Y I S T H E R O O T O F A L L E
V I L S E E E Y E T O E Y E P A T I E N C E O F J
O B P H Y S I C I A N H E A L T H Y S E L F A M E

 

1. Врачу, исцели себя сам. Physician, heal thyself

2. Иов многострадальный/ терпелив как Иов. Patience of Job