Comment on the semantic development of words.
Starve, marshal, tide, ready, person, queen, clown, girl, china, jeans, meat, knight, write, hound.
Assignment 4.
Explain the logic of semantic transfer.
The mouth of a cave, astrakhan, the best pen of his epoch, tongues of flame, a musical ear, a Ford, not half as bad, to burn with a desire, madeira, a bookworm, a hooligan.
Assignment 5.
1)Find the homonyms proper to the following words and give their Russian equivalents.
Band –a company of musicians, seal – a warm-blooded, to bore – to make a long round hole, to hail – to greet, salute, cut – the result of cutting, cut – гравюра, рана, снижение,
2)Find the homophones to the following words and translate them into Russian.
Heir, dye, cent, sea, week, peace, sun, meat, steel, night, some, coarse, right, sight.
3)Find the homographs to the following words and translate both.
To bow – to bend the head or body, wind – air in motion, to tear – to pull apart by force, bear – a large, heavy animal with rough hair, to desert – to go away from a person or place.
Seminar 5
Synonyms and Antonyms.
Archaisms and Neologisms
I. Speak on the following topics.
1. Synonyms.
2. Antonyms
3. Lexical variants and paronyms
4. Archaisms
5. Neologisms
II. Do the following assignments.
Synonyms and Antonyms
Assignment 1.
Discriminate between Synonyms in the Following Synonymic Groups and Point Out a Synonymic Dominant:
Anger – indignation – wrath – fire – rage – fury
Mad – maniac(al) – crazy – crazed – insane – demented (сумасшедший)– deranged (behaving in a strange and uncontrolled way, often as a result of a mental illness)
Apartment – flat – rooms – lodgings – chambers (палата, салон, гостиная)– quarters (rooms or houses provided for people especially soldiers and their families) – tenement (a large building divided into a lot of small flats that can be rent cheaply)
Assignment 2.
Find out the meanings of the following synonyms and prove that synonyms have a dual nature
To shiver – to shake - to tremble - to shudder – to quiver
smell – scent – odour – aroma
weak – feeble – fragile
to discuss – to argue – to debate – to dispute
She was shaking with joy. His legs were shaking with fatigue. Her body was shaking with sobs. His hand shook as he was filling the glass. The old house shook in the storm.
The dark frightened her and her hands trembled. Trembling, she clung to Magnus’s arm. His hands trembled with oversmoking. He trembled at the sound of bursting bombs. She was all out of breath as she rang the bell with trembling fingers.
I was quivering and tingling from head to foot. She finished breathless, quivering all over with the effort of keeping her voice controlled. The boy’s lips quivered as he tried not to cry. Sister Conrick put an arm around Mrs.Lambert’s quivering shoulders and held the woman to her as though she was a frightened child.
She shivered at the sound of the bell. He came into the house snow-covered and shivering. Such thoughts may make you shiver at first.
She shuddered with disgust at the thought of his coming back. She shrank down to the floor I n terror and loathing and shuddered.
Assignment 3.